Children's Math Worlds: Developing Children's Mathematical Understanding in English and in Spanish from Kindergarten through Grade 3

这个教学材料开发项目提出了为K-3（及以上）年级创建专注于数字和计算的补充材料的计划，以支持数学公平教学法（Fuson, 1997）。该项目将由两套补充材料组成，这些材料可以独立使用，但将连续连接在一起。每套教材将包括一本教师指南、一本儿童读物（消耗品）和一本可供家长独立使用的读物。其中一套暂定名为“发展数字模式和策略”，将适用于幼儿园和一年级（以及二年级及以后的孩子，他们仍然需要快速准确地计算和区分到18岁）。这套教材将培养孩子们对小于10的小数字模式的理解和使用，数数和向上数，这是东亚儿童有效使用10结构策略所必需的先决技能。活动将在单词问题设置中设置，这样语言能力也会得到发展。这些教材应该使所有的孩子在一年级春季之前能够快速、理解地使用所有的个位数进行加减法。第二套书暂定名为“多位数思维、计算和问题解决”。目前的表现数据表明，无论是传统教科书还是改革方法，多位数加减法仍然是一个值得关注的问题（例如，二年级春季的两位数减法只有38%的正确率）。这些教材将使用百盒、十棒和点画来帮助孩子们在发展多位数加减法策略时建立位置值的含义。第二套材料可以在一年级后期开始使用，并可以在二年级到五年级（有些孩子仍然会犯错误）时用于介绍或复习这些领域。根据教师是初教还是后期复习，给予不同的指导。项目材料将以英文和西班牙文出版。该项目材料解决了目前拉丁裔和其他少数群体在数学和科学职业中代表性严重不足的问题。

9816320FUSONThis project for instructional materials development presents plans to create supplementary materials focusing on number and computation for grades K-3 (and beyond), in support of the Mathematics Equity Pedagogy (Fuson, 1997). The project will consist of two sets of supplementary materials that could be used independently but will link together consecutively. Each set of materials will consist of a teacher's guide, a children's book (consumable), and a book for parents that could be used independently of the other books. One set tentatively entitled "Developing Numerical Patterns and Strategies" will function at kindergarten and grade 1 (and at grade 2 and later for those children who still need rapid and accurate sums and differences to 18). This set will develop children's understandings and use of patterns for small numbers under ten, counting on and counting up, the prerequisite skills necessary for the ten-structured strategies used so effectively by East Asian children. Activities will be set within word problem settings so that language competence is also developed. These materials should enable all children to add and subtract rapidly and with understanding using all single-digit numbers by the spring of Grade 1.The second set of books is tentatively titled "Multidigit Thinking, Calculating, and Problem Solving." Current performance data indicate that multidigit addition and subtraction continue to be a concern both with traditional textbooks and with reform approaches (e.g., 2-digit subtraction in spring of Grade 2 is only 38% correct). The materials will use hundred-boxes, ten-sticks, and dot drawings to help children build place-value meanings as they develop multidigit addition and subtraction strategies. This second set of materials can begin to be used in late first grade and will be able to be used to introduce or review these areas in grades 2 through 5 (where some children still are making errors). Differentiated directions will be given according to whether the teacher is teaching initially or reviewing the topic in later grades. The project materials will be published in English and Spanish. The project materials address the current severe under-representation in mathematics and science occupations of Latinos and other minority groups.