The Management of Distant Returns: Decision Making Processes and Systems of Resource Allocation, Strategic Planning, & Mgmt. Control for In-House Research in Scien

这项调查的目的是了解在远距离回返的情况下可以作出有效决定的程序和制度。正在研究的特殊情况是公司进行内部科学研究。目前正在利用实地数据研究三个具体问题。第一，多年来，定性标准、行为过程和非正式过程如何影响内部科学研究的资源分配决策序列？第二，战略规划和管理控制的不断演变的系统和过程如何影响这些年来的选择顺序？第三，多年来，企业战略、能力和通过科学研究创造的新知识是如何相互影响和共同发展的？鉴于对这些问题的先前研究有限，调查人员将归纳地开发一个扎根的理论，采用比较、历史、案例研究的方法来研究制药公司的研究决策。在大致相同的时期内，四个内部科学研究项目将被深入研究。它们将被放在感兴趣期间存在的所有项目的背景下。该方法将允许对扩展的决策过程进行整体研究，并将过程与结果联系起来，以评估有效性。定性和定量数据将从公共和公司记录中收集，并通过对与项目有关的科学家、中层和高级管理人员的开放式、半结构化和结构化访谈来收集。数据收集、分析和写作将同时进行。为了指导数据收集，将主要从战略决策、资源分配、实物期权、战略规划、管理控制、公司战略和组织能力方面的研究文献中提取相关结构。-调查将确定在较长时期内如何做出高度不确定但关键的资源分配选择，以获得只有在遥远的未来才能获得的回报。它将提供此类选择的行为和非正式基础，以补充现有文献，这些文献主要检查它们的数量、客观和经济方面。通过这样做，它将进一步发展科学研究管理、纵向决策和科学能力发展方面的理论；并为设计适当的动态管理系统和战略规划和管理控制程序提供基础。-此外，将开发一个决策框架，以帮助制定和管理内部科学研究的长期决策序列。研究结果将发表在面向学术界和实践者的期刊文章中。为发展理论而编写的案例将被修改为教学案例，并为以科学为基础的公司的研发经理和高级经理提供笔记。

The aim of this investigation is to understand the processes and systems by which effective decisions may-be made in the context of distant returns. The particular situation being studied is the conduct of in-house research in-science by firms. Three specific issues are being studied using field data. One, how do qualitative criteria and-behavioral and informal processes influence sequences of resource allocation decisions for-in-house research in science made over extended years? Two, how do evolving-systems and processes of strategic planning and management control influence such sequences of choices over the years? Three, how do firm strategies, capabilities, and-new knowledge created by research in science influence one another and co-evolve over the years?- Given limited prior research on these issues, the investigators will develop a grounded theory inductively, employing a-comparative, historical, case study methodology to study research decisions in a-pharmaceutical firm. Four projects for in-house research in science over roughly the same period will be examined in depth. They will be placed in the context of all projects in existence during the period of interest. The approach will allow the study of extended decision-making processes in their entirety,-and relate processes with outcomes to evaluate effectiveness. Qualitative and quantitative data will be collected from public and company records, as well as through open-ended, semi-structured,-and structured interviews with those scientists, mid- and senior-managers who are associated with the projects. Data-collection, analysis, and writing will proceed simultaneously. To guide-data collection, relevant constructs will be drawn mainly from the research literature in strategic decision-making,-resource allocation, real options, strategic planning, management control, firm strategy, and organizational capabilities.-The investigation will identify how highly uncertain but critical resource allocation choices are made,-over extended periods, for returns that accrue only in the distant future. It will offer the behavioral and informal-underpinnings of such choices to complement the existing literature that examines mainly their quantitative, objective, and economic aspects. In doing so, it will further theory development in the management of research in-science, longitudinal decision-making, and scientific capabilities development; and provide a basis for the design of-appropriate dynamic administrative systems and processes of strategic planning and management control.-Additionally, a decision-making framework will be developed to aid in making and managing-long term sequences of decisions for the conduct of in-house research in science. Findings will be reported in-journal articles aimed at both academics and practitioners. Cases written for the development of theory will be-modified into teaching cases and notes for R&D managers and senior managers of science based firms.-