A Toll Pricing Framework for Traffic Assignment Problems

这笔赠款用于制定确定城市街道网络和通信网络等拥堵网络通行费的方法。虽然这些例子在物理上有很大的不同，但在它们的设计和控制中使用的数学模型非常相似。理论发展将确定所有使网络高效的收费策略，即使许多个人用户被允许做出自己的选择，就像城市交通一样。计算的发展将提供强大的数值方法，准确计算任意大小和结构的网络的通行费。在20世纪50年代的交通研究中，经济学家已经认识到，对拥堵网络收费作为一种控制方法的价值，并为其他出行方式提供收入，如天文旅行。现在，技术允许高速收费站，美国交通部正在资助美国各地的几项收费试验。然而，在各种情况下，还没有确定通行费的既定方法。这项研究将为网络设计人员和规划人员提供工具，以确定实现最小系统影响的所有通行费；并计算实现额外目标的通行费，例如最大限度地减少收费站的数量，最大限度地减少用户的成本等。

This grant funds the development of a methodology for the determination of tolls in congested networks such as urban street networks and communication networks. While these examples are very different physically, the mathematical models used in their design and control are quite similar. The theoretical development will identify all tolling strategies that make the network efficient, even when many individual users are allowed to make their own choices as in the case of urban traffic. The computational development will provide robust numerical methods that calculate tolls accurately for networks of arbitrary size and configuration.In transportation research dating from the 1950s economists have recognized the value of tolling of congested networks as a method of control and to provide revenues for alternative travel modes such astransit. Now technology allows for high-speed tollbooths and the U. S. Department of Transportation is funding several tolling experiments across the U. S. However, there is no established method for determination of tolls in various settings. This research will provide network designers and planners with tools that identify all tolls that achieve minimum system impact; and calculate the tolls that achieve additional objectives such as minimizing the number of tolling stations, minimizing costs to the users, etc.