Collaborative Research: Species definitions and phylogenetic relationships within Isoetes (Isoetaceae) Using Multiple Data Sets

[9981501]基于多个数据集的Isoetes物种划分与系统发育关系Isoetes是古代（古生代）广泛分布的非开花植物属。它们分布在世界各地，具有多种生态适应性。水韭植物可以在溪流、湖泊和短暂的池塘中找到。这种植物的形状非常简单，由细长的叶片组成，叶片基部产生孢子，根部肿胀。这种简单的形态（形态）提供了很少的特征，使物种的识别和物种关系的确定变得困难。此外，Isoetes物种之间很容易杂交，这进一步混淆了我们对物种界限和关系的理解。该项目有三个主要目标：1)为世界范围内的属提供进化树（系统发育），2)在Isoetes中识别和划分物种，3)确定参与杂交物种形成的原始亲本。由于形态学为这一群体提供了很少的特征，因此将以DNA序列的形式收集额外的分子数据。在过去的十年里，DNA序列数据已经成为一种宝贵的工具，帮助科学家了解各种生物的进化关系。为了更好地理解世界范围内Isoetes物种之间的关系，我们将使用两个DNA区域，一个位于叶绿体基因组（atpB/rbcL基因间间隔区），一个位于细胞核（内部转录间隔区- ITS）。为了定义物种并确定杂交物种的起源，我们将使用与植物繁殖有关的基因中的高度可变区域（LEAFY第二内含子）。这项工作是两位博士的共同努力。Sara B. Hoot（威斯康星大学密尔沃基分校）和W. Carl Taylor（密尔沃基公共博物馆）。S.Hoot将主要负责分子工作，C. Taylor将参与植物收集（将他带到南美洲、非洲和其他大陆的遥远地点）和Isoetes的形态学研究。

9981501TaylorSpecies Delimitation and Phylogenetic Relationships within Isoetes UsingMultiple Data SetsIsoetes are a genus of nonflowering plants which were widespread during ancient times (Paleozoic). They have a worldwide distribution and diverse ecological adaptations. Isoetes plants may be found in streams , lakes, and ephemeral pools. The form of the plant is very simple, consisting of narrow, elongated leaves which produce spores at their base and a swollen root stock. This simple form (morphology) provides few characters, making the identification of species and determination of species relationships difficult. In addition, Isoetes species readily hybridize with each other, further confusing our understanding of species limits and relationships.This project has three main objectives: 1) to provide an evolutionary tree(phylogeny) for the genus throughout the world, 2) to identify and delimitspecies within Isoetes, and 3) to identify the original parents involved inthe formation of hybrid species. Since morphology provides few characters for this group, additional molecular data in the form of DNA sequences will be collected. In the past ten years, DNA sequence data have been an invaluable tool, helping scientists understand evolutionary relationships in a wide varietyof organisms. To better understand relationships of Isoetes species worldwide, we will use two DNA regions, one located in the chloroplast genome (atpB/rbcL intergenic spacer region) and one in the nucleus (internal transcribed spacer regions - ITS). To define species and determine the origin of hybrid species, we will use a highly variable region within a gene involved in plant reproduction (LEAFY second intron).This work is a collaborative effort between Drs. Sara B. Hoot (Universityof Wisconsin-Milwaukee) and W. Carl Taylor (Milwaukee Public Museum). S.Hoot will be largely responsible for the molecular work, C. Taylor will beinvolved in plant collection (taking him to distant sites in South America,Africa and other continents) and morphological studies of Isoetes.