Doctoral Dissertation Improvement: Tzeltal Maya Ethnomycology: Naming, Classification and Use of Macrofungi in Chiapas, Mexico

摘要这个项目将调查佐齐尔玛雅人对大型真菌(蘑菇)的民族生态学知识，大型真菌是世界上这一地区重要的饮食和医药元素。由于玛雅民族真菌学分类几乎只关注可食用或有用的物种(与其他动植物的模式相反)，蘑菇物种提供了比较分析通用和特殊用途分类的结构和功能，以及这些分类如何影响行为的机会。将研究蘑菇的命名、分类和使用，以了解环境和文化背景如何影响民族生物学知识(知识中的认知差异)。关于民间生物分类的三种相互竞争的模型的假设将被检验。这项研究还将记录蘑菇的生物多样性和生态需求，有助于我们了解蘑菇的生态、饮食、药用和经济效益。

Abstract 0079197This project will investigate Tzotzil Maya ethnoecological knowledge of macrofungi (mushrooms), an important dietary and medicinal element in this part of the world. Since Maya ethnomycological classification focuses almost exclusively on edible or useful species (in contrast to patterns for other plants and animals), mushroom species provide an opportunity for comparative analysis of the structure and function of general purpose and special purpose taxonomies, and how these affect behavior. The naming, classification, and use of mushrooms will be examined in order to understand how both environments and cultural contexts affect ethnobiological knowledge (cognitive variation in knowledge). Hypotheses concerning three competing models of folk biological classification will be tested. This study will also document the biodiversity and ecological requirements of mushrooms and contribute to our understanding of the ecological, dietary, medicinal and economic benefits of mushrooms.