ITR: Interfaces for Supporting Over-The-Shoulder Learning

twidale， michael伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校：支持肩背式学习的接口例如，对许多人来说，学习如何使用软件的关键形式不是参加培训课程，也不是阅读手册或在线帮助，也不是使用软件进行实验。相反，他们可能会在工作时趴在同事的肩膀上寻求帮助。学习这种过肩式学习（OTSL）非常重要，可以更好地了解它的相对重要性，以及它成功和不成功的情况。在先前研究图书馆和办公室非正式协作帮助的工作基础上，该研究将探讨OTSL发生的频率及其作为一种学习方式的重要性，OTSL的可能类型，随着时间的推移学习软件应用程序的演变，人们用于支持OTSL的资源，目前实践的OTSL障碍，以及有效提供帮助的技能，并确定如何最好地教授这些技能。这项工作将有助于确定具有最大潜力的功能，以提高OTSL的有效性，并有助于用户界面设计和计算机支持的协作工作和学习的基础研究。

EIA-0081112Twidale, MichaelUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignITR: Interfaces for Supporting Over-The-Shoulder LearningFor many people, a key form of learning how to use software, for example,is not by taking a training course, nor reading a manual or online help, orexperimenting with the software. Instead they may lean over the shoulderof a colleague at work and ask for help. This over-the-shoulder-learning(OTSL) is important to study to understand more about its relativeimportance and the circumstances in which it is and is not successful.Building on prior work studying informal collaborative help in librariesand offices, the research will address how often OTSL occurs and itssignificance as a way of learning, possible genres of OTSL, the evolutionof learning a software application over time, the resources people use tosupport OTSL, barriers to OTSL as currently practiced, and the skills ofefficient help-giving and determining how these skills may best be taught.This work will help determine the functionalities that have the greatestpotential for improving the effectiveness of OTSL and contribute tofundamental research in user interface design and computer-supportedcooperative work and learning.