Effect of Electric Fields on Ice Adhesion to Metals

最近发现，在冰/金属界面上施加小的DC偏压可以显著地改变冰粘附功和界面剪切强度。取决于特定的实验条件，冰的附着力可以显着增强或几乎消除的直流偏压。建议研究造成这些影响的物理机制。以下三个物理过程，这是能够修改的冰粘附，是最可能的机制的现象将被详细研究：1。冰在电极附近的电化学分解（电解）。2.通过从电极向水中强烈注入离子而导致水的冰点降低。3.静电能存储在冰/金属界面上的双电层中。还将研究由冰电解引起的界面损伤的愈合的逆过程。愈合的发生是由于在冰准液体层的质量传输。最后，测量焦耳的发热和传热。实验将在纯冰和掺杂冰以及各种电极和衬底材料上进行。由于该项目的多学科性质，将采用各种实验和理论方法。其中包括冰粘附力的工作和强度的测量，扫描探针显微镜（SPM）的几种模式，水和冰中离子和原子的光谱学，冰和水的AC和DC电气测量以及理论分析。 完成后，这项研究将提供直流电和电场如何影响冰对金属的附着力的基础知识。这些基本知识可用于开发新的除冰和防冰技术。***

0084622PetrenkoIt was found recently that a small DC bias applied across an ice/metal interface can significantly modify the work of ice adhesion and interfacial shear strength. Depending on particular experimental conditions ice adhesion can be either significantly enhanced or almost eliminated by the DC bias. It is proposed to study the physical mechanisms that are responsible for these effects. The following three physical processes, which are capable of modifying ice adhesion and are the most probable mechanisms of the phenomenon will be studied in detail: 1. The electrochemical decomposition (electrolysis) of ice adjacent to electrodes. 2. Depression of the freezing point of water caused by intensive injection of ions from electrodes in the water. 3. Electrostatic energy stored in electric double layers on the ice/ metal interface. The inverse process of healing the interfacial damage caused by ice electrolysis will also be studied. The healing occurs due to mass transport in the ice quasi-liquid layer. Finally, Joule's heat generation and heat transfer will be measured. Experiments will be performed on pure and doped ices and on various electrode and substrate materials. Because of the project's multidisciplinary nature, a variety of experimental and theoretical methods will be applied. Among them are measurements of the work and strength of ice adhesion, several modes of scanning probe microscopy (SPM), optical spectroscopy of ions and atoms in water and ice, AC and DC electrical measurements of ice and water, and theoretical analysis. When completed, this research will provide fundamental knowledge of how direct currents and electric fields affect ice adhesion to metals. That basic knowledge can then be used in developing new de-icing and anti-icing technologies. ***