ChemMatCARS: A National Chemistry and Materials Synchrotron Research Facility at the Advanced Photon Source

能源部化学系化学研究仪器和设施项目、材料研究部和基础能源科学办公室为芝加哥大学的P. James Viccaro和Stuart Rice、纽约州立大学石溪分校的Benjamin Chu、纽约州立大学布法罗分校的Philip Coppens和芝加哥伊利诺伊大学的Mark Schlossman在阿贡国家实验室先进光子源中利用ChemMatCARS光束线所做的研究工作。专业人员将在三个台站完成发展并开始业务阶段：台站15-1 - b的化学晶体学；15-1D-C站地表散射；15-1D-D小角-广角x射线散射（SAXS/WAXD）。一些表面研究的例子包括对水蒸汽界面上的两亲体和生物大分子的研究；液态金属界面；超流氦表面；聚合物表面-静态结构；界面动力学；以及液-液界面。化学晶体学研究包括用同步辐射绘制电荷密度图；共振衍射研究；以及对瞬态物种的研究。SAXS/WAXD研究将侧重于纤维和长丝加工；聚合物和纤维拉伸；蛋白质折叠和络合动力学。该合同将为化学和材料科学社区提供维护、操作、选择升级和持续发展这一独特资源作为国家用户设施。目前，用户社区包括40多个主要研究人员。到运行的第三年结束时，至少45%的总波束时间将可供整个社区使用。此外，该设施还提供博士后职位的部分资金，并为第一次使用该设施的用户和需要延长停留时间的研究生提供旅费支持。

The Chemistry Research Instrumentation and Facilities Program in the Chemistry Division, the Division of Materials Research and the Office of Basic Energy Sciences at the Department of Energy provide continuing support to P. James Viccaro and Stuart Rice of the University of Chicago, Benjamin Chu of SUNY-Stony Brook, Philip Coppens of SUNY-Buffalo and Mark Schlossman of the University of Illinois in Chicago for their research efforts utilizing the ChemMatCARS beamline at the Argonne National Lab Advanced Photon Source. The PIs will complete development and initiate the operations phase at the three stations: chemical crystallography in station 15-1D-B; surface scattering in station 15-1D-C; and small angle- wide angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXD) in 15-1D-D. Examples of some of the surface studies include studies of amphiphiles and biological macromolecules at the water-vapor interface; liquid metal interfaces; superflid helium surfaces; polymer surfaces-static structure; dynamics at interfaces; and liquid-liquid interfaces. Chemical crystallography studies include the mapping of charge densities with synchrotron radiation; resonance diffraction studies; and the study of transient species. The SAXS/WAXD studies will focus on fiber and filament processing; polymer and fiber stretching; and protein folding and kinetics of complexation. This award will provide maintenance, operation, selected upgrades and continued development of this unique resource as a national user facility for the chemical and materials science community. Presently, the user community includes more than forty principal investigators. By the end of the third year of operations, at least forty-five percent of the total beamtime will be available to the community at large. In addition, this facility provides partial funding of postdoctoral positions and travel support for first time users and graduate students who require an extended stay at the facility.