Digital Government: Software Architectures for Microsimulation of Urban Development, Transportation, and Environmental Impact

EIA-0090832 Alan BorningUniversity of Washington标题：城市发展、交通和环境影响微观模拟的软件架构土地利用模式和可用的交通系统在确定城市地区的经济活力、宜居性和可持续性方面发挥着关键作用。 交通与土地利用之间存在着强烈的相互作用，不同类型的交通系统导致不同的土地利用模式，而不同类型的土地利用又导致对不同类型交通系统的需求。 土地使用和运输都对环境产生重大影响，特别是对排放、资源消耗和开放空间的影响。 政府政策和投资以许多复杂的、有时是无意的方式影响土地使用和交通的模式。本提案将开发一个完全分散的微观模拟系统，用于模拟城市发展和政府投资以及与交通、土地使用和环境有关的政策。 技术支持可以发挥关键作用，促进知情的公民审议和辩论这些问题，使城市规划者和利益相关者能够考虑不同的问题，一揽子可能的政策和投资，然后，根据这些替代方案，模拟这些情景对城市增长和再开发模式的影响，交通使用，以及资源消耗，在二十年或更长的时间。 该提案将集中在两个相关的计算机科学领域;在设计和构建这样一个大型复杂模型时出现的软件工程问题，以及在使用它时出现的人机交互问题。 在联邦一级，联邦公路管理局和联邦运输管理局（均为运输部下属单位）作出了承诺，在地方一级，负责土地使用和运输规划的政府组织普吉湾区域理事会也作出了承诺。

EIA-0090832Alan BorningUniversity of WashingtonTITLE: Software Architectures for Microsimulation of Urban Development, Transportation and Environmental ImpactPatterns of land use and available transportation systems play critical role in determining the economic vitality, livability, and sustainability of urban areas. Transportation interacts strongly with land use; different kinds of transportation systems induce different patterns of land use, while at the same time, different kinds of land use induce demands for different kinds of transportation systems. Both land use and transportation have substantial environmental effects, in particular on emissions, resource consumption and open space. Government policies and investments affect patterns of land use and transportation in many complex and sometimes unintended ways.This proposal will develop a fully disaggregated Microsimulation system for modeling urban development and government investments and policies related to transportation, land use and environment. Technical support can play a critical role in fostering informed civic deliberation and debate on these issues by allowing urban planners and stakeholders to be able to consider different scenarios-packages of possible policies and investments-and then, based on these alternatives, model the effects of these scenarios on patterns of urban growth and redevelopment, of transportation usage, and resource consumption, over periods of twenty or more years. This proposal will concentrate on two related computer science areas; the software engineering issues that arise in the design and construction of such a large, complex model, and the human computer interaction issues that arise in using it.A set of government partnerships is an integral part of this research. At the federal level, there are commitments from the Federal Highway Administration and the Federal Transit Administration (both units in the Department of Transportation), and at the local level, from the Puget Sound Regional Council, the governmental organization charged with land use and transportation planning.