CAREER: A Comprehensive Experimental and Theoretical Investigation into Membrane Fouling

摘要本研究从实验和理论两方面综合评价了膜和胶体性质对膜污染的影响。总的方法是将扩展的DLVO理论与适用于横流膜过滤的输运和沉积方程相结合。具体目标是开发方法并评估几种基本的膜和胶体特性；建立粒子沉积模型，结合膜和胶体的短时酸碱力；进行系统的实验研究，评估理化因素对膜污染的总体影响；并将理论预测与实验结果进行比较。此外，将使用原子力显微镜直接观察颗粒沉积，并使用沉积层电阻模型将沉积程度与通量下降相关。胶体污染将在颗粒沉积的框架内考虑，即固体表面从流动悬浮液中捕获胶体颗粒。从更广泛的角度来看，了解流动悬浮液中胶体颗粒的传输和相互作用的原理对许多科学和工程学科都是极其重要的。因此，该研究对其他颗粒沉积起关键作用的领域具有许多意义。在膜工艺的框架内，本项目对减少胶体膜污染具有直接的应用价值。可能的措施包括优化进料流预处理（改变胶体特性），修改膜表面，以及根据进料流特性选择最合适的膜。职业教育计划包括为八年级女生制定科学和技术推广计划。该计划的主要目标是鼓励理解数学和科学对女孩生活的重要性和相关性，并积极支持女孩在这些领域接受教育和就业。

Proposal number: CTS- 0093617Principal investigator: Amy E. ChildressAffiliation: University of Nevada RenoCAREER: A Comprehensive Experimental and Theoretical Investigation into Membrane FoulingProject AbstractThis investigation takes a comprehensive approach to evaluating experimentally and theoretically the effects of both membrane and colloid properties on membrane fouling. The overall approach is to couple the extended DLVO theory with transport and deposition equations appropriate for crossflow membrane filtration. The specific goals are to develop methodology and to evaluate several fundamental membrane and colloid characteristics; to develop a particle deposition model that incorporates short-range acid-base forces of both the membranes and colloids; to perform a systematic experimental investigation to evaluate the overall impact of physico-chemical factors on membrane fouling; and to compare the theoretical predictions with experimental results. Additionally, particle deposition will be directly observed using AFM, and the extent of deposition will be related to flux decline using a deposited layer resistance model.Colloidal fouling will be considered within the framework of particle deposition, that is, the capture of colloidal particles from flowing suspensions by solid surfaces. From a broader perspective, an understanding of the principles governing the transport and interaction of colloidal particles in flowing suspensions is extremely important to many disciplines of science and engineering. Therefore, this research has numerous implications for other fields in which particle deposition plays a crucial role. Within the framework of membrane processes, this project has direct application to reduction of colloidal membrane fouling. Possible measures include optimization of feed stream pretreatment (to change the colloid characteristics), modification of the membrane surface, and selection of the most appropriate membrane based on feed stream characteristics. The CAREER education plan involves the development of a science and technology outreach program for 8th grade girls. The main objective of the program is to encourage the understanding that math and science are important and relevant to the girls' lives and to actively support the girls in pursuing education and employment in these areas.