Climatological Studies with Doppler Radar

对大气中热量和水分再分配的基本认识对于理解气候和天气都很重要。该项目将承担大气对流和降雨过程的基础研究，并为其他项目提供便利。例子包括所涉及的多个时空尺度的统计特征；对流加热的垂直结构推断以及不同地区和制度的比较。同时的探空、地面和卫星数据集将被收集和检查，以寻找对流与大尺度气象（天气状况）和气候（陆地与海洋、日、季节）变化之间的时间关系，并检验假设。最初的分析集中在热带地区，不仅阐明了偶尔有组织的深层对流事件的特征，而且阐明了偶尔的抑制条件，以及更普遍的浅积云和中顶阵雨的条件，这些条件被假设在大气环流中起着重要作用。该项目将编写、研究并向社区提供精心设计的统一的每小时统计摘要，这些摘要来自大量最近和未来的雷达部署。几家拥有大量数据档案的美国集团，以及一家拥有新型高质量舰载多普勒雷达的日本集团，都提供了数据访问服务。圆柱形分形（CYLBIN）是一种新颖、简单的分析技术，用于定量研究反射率数据（可能包括多参数数据）和多普勒衍生的风和风散度剖面。对几个月来来自印度洋、东太平洋和西太平洋的船载雷达数据进行的初步研究是有希望的，因为即使在稀疏的回波场中也经常出现重要的信号。PI设计的“交错倾斜角度”扫描策略考虑到这一分析，在几个数据集中提供了特别高的垂直分辨率。

Fundamental understanding of the redistribution of heat and moisture in the atmosphere is important to understanding both climate and weather. This project will undertake, and facilitate for others, fundamental studies of atmospheric convection and rainfall processes. Examples include statistical characterization of the multiple space-time scales involved; inference of vertical structures of convective heating; and comparison of different regions and regimes. Simultaneous sounding, surface, and satellite data sets will be assembled and examined to seek relationships and test hypotheses about the temporal relationships between convection and large-scale meteorological (weather regime) and climatic (land vs. sea, diurnal, seasonal) variations.Initial analyses, focused on the Tropics, will elucidate the characteristics of not only the occasional organized deep convective events, but also the occasional suppressed conditions, and the more ubiquitous conditions with shallow cumuli and middle-topped showers, which are hypothesized to have a substantial role in the general circulation.This project will compose, study, and make available to the community a carefully designed uniform hourly statistical digest of data from a large number of recent and future radar deployments. Data access has been offered by several US groups with large data archives, as well as a Japanese group with a new high-quality shipborne Doppler radar. Cylindrical binning (CYLBIN) is a novel, simple analysis technique for quantitative studies of both reflectivity data (potentially including multi-parameter data) and Doppler-derived wind and wind divergence profiles. Pilot studies with several months of shipborne radar data from the Indian, and eastern and western Pacific Oceans are promising, as significant signals are frequently present even in sparse echo fields. "Interleaved tilt angle" scanning strategies, designed by the PI with this analysis in mind, offer especially high vertical resolution in several data sets.