Collaborative Research: Doppler on Wheels International H2O Project Participation and Studies of Convective Initiation

合作研究：Doppler on Wheels International H2O 项目参与和对流引发研究

• 批准号: 0336712
• 负责人: Joshua Wurman
• 金额: $ 19.09万
• 依托单位: Binet Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-03-01 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0336712&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Doppler; Wheels; International

The International H20 Project (IHOP) is a multi-investigator, multi-agency program whose chief aim is improved characterization of the four-dimensional distribution of water vapor and its application to improving the understanding and prediction of convection. Program emphasis is on four important research areas: quantitative precipitation forecasting; convective initiation, atmospheric boundary layer processes; and instrumentation testing. Critical to the success of the IHOP is the measurement of wind and thermodynamic values spanning several scales of motion. This will be accomplished with unique and varied instrumentation. To contribute to achieving the goals of IHOP, the Principal Investigators have submitted collaborative proposals. As part of the required IHOP instrumentation suite, the Principal Investigators will deploy the University of Oklahoma Doppler on Wheels (DOW) radars. These radars provide the IHOP researchers with a high resolution instrument for obtaining detailed wind measurements. These measurements have applications to all four IHOP research components. The DOWs will coordinate with both fixed-site and mobile observing platforms to sample with unprecedented data density and resolution the pre-convective environment, including wind and thermodynamic properties within and along boundaries and convergence lines.For their research contribution to the IHOP, the Principal Investigators will analyze these data to elucidate the magnitude of gradients in the water vapor field and the role of the wind field in focusing these inhomogeneities. For example, the Principal Investigators will determine if locally convergent mesoscale circulations along boundaries or intersections between convergence zones, possibly associated with horizontal convective rolls (HCRs), create pockets of high water vapor content. They will further assess the orientation of water vapor gradients with respect to the HCRs. In addition to boundary studies, the Principal Investigators will perform analyses of data collected on days without obvious convergence zones to determine the degree of variability in the water vapor field in the absence of substantial focusing mechanisms. After understanding the nature and degree of water vapor variability in the pre-convective environment further analysis will focus on the relationship of these inhomogeneities to the convective initiation process based on current hypotheses. For example, if pockets of high water vapor content are found to exist, the Principal Investigators will then examine whether deep convection indeed is favored at these locations. They will examine in detail the depth of lifting associated with observed very small scale circulations and convergence zones to determine the transport of water vapor in the boundary layer. The goal is a better understanding of the mechanisms governing water vapor variability in the preconvective environment and the dynamical processes by which this variability is manifested in the convective initiation process.

国际 H20 项目 (IHOP) 是一个多研究者、多机构的项目，其主要目标是改进水蒸气四维分布的表征及其在提高对流理解和预测方面的应用。 项目重点是四个重要的研究领域：定量降水预报；对流引发、大气边界层过程；和仪器测试。 IHOP 成功的关键是跨多个运动尺度的风和热力学值的测量。 这将通过独特且多样化的仪器来完成。 为了帮助实现 IHOP 的目标，主要研究者提交了合作提案。 作为所需 IHOP 仪器套件的一部分，首席研究员将部署俄克拉荷马大学轮上多普勒 (DOW) 雷达。 这些雷达为 IHOP 研究人员提供了高分辨率仪器，用于获取详细的风测量。 这些测量结果适用于所有四个 IHOP 研究组件。 DOW 将与固定地点和移动观测平台协调，以前所未有的数据密度对对流前环境进行采样，包括边界内和沿边界以及辐合线的风和热力学特性。主要研究人员将分析这些数据，以阐明水汽场梯度的大小以及风场在聚焦这些不均匀性方面的作用，以表彰他们对 IHOP 的研究贡献。 例如，主要研究人员将确定沿收敛带之间的边界或交叉点的局部收敛中尺度环流（可能与水平对流卷（HCR）相关）是否会产生高水蒸气含量的区域。 他们将进一步评估水蒸气梯度相对于 HCR 的方向。 除了边界研究之外，主要研究人员还将对没有明显汇聚区的日子收集的数据进行分析，以确定在缺乏实质性聚焦机制的情况下水汽场的变化程度。 在了解对流前环境中水蒸气变化的性质和程度后，进一步的分析将集中于基于当前假设的这些不均匀性与对流启动过程的关系。 例如，如果发现存在高水蒸气含量的区域，首席研究员将检查这些位置是否确实有利于深层对流。 他们将详细检查与观察到的非常小规模的环流和汇聚区相关的抬升深度，以确定边界层中水蒸气的传输。目标是更好地理解对流前环境中水蒸气变化的控制机制以及对流引发过程中表现出这种变化的动力学过程。