Shear-Wave Splitting in Central Europe to Test Mantle-Upwelling Anisotropy Model

EAR 0107080（PH#20x）提案摘要标题：欧洲中部剪切波分裂测试地幔上涌各向异性模型PI's：Simon L.斯坦福大学的Klemperer、Goetz Bokelmann和Norman Sleep关于地幔隆起或“地幔柱”的性质，有许多尚未解决的基本问题。具体来说，我们能否区分羽流模型，即，材料从更深的地幔部分上涌，从替代模型作为地幔热点的来源？为了帮助回答这些问题，我们将测量穿过上地幔的地震波的剪切波分裂。这些测量可以阐明与流动有关的地幔变形的几何形状，因为这种变形导致地震各向异性-剪切波分裂的原因。然后，我们将比较我们的数据，由几个不同的模型预测的羽/岩石圈的相互作用。特别是，“抛物线软流圈流动”模型，这是一致的测量从周围夏威夷和黄石公园，将严格测试我们的数据。虽然这些数据可以解决区域问题，如是否有艾菲尔岩浆和莱茵河地堑的延伸之间的关系，他们更根本的能力，以检测羽状物的存在，回答一个悬而未决的问题，在地球科学。

Abstract for proposal EAR0107080 (PH #20x)Title: Shear-wave splitting in central Europe to test mantle-upwelling anisotropy modelPI's: Simon L. Klemperer, Goetz Bokelmann, and Norman Sleep, Stanford UniversityThere are a number of unresolved yet fundamental questions about the nature of mantle upwellings or "plumes". Specifically, can we distinguish the plume model, i.e., material upwelling from parts of the deeper mantle, from alternative models as a source for mantle hotspots? To help answer these questions, we will make measurements of shear-wave splitting for seismic waves that travel through the upper mantle. These measurements can illuminate the geometry of flow-related mantle deformation, since such deformation leads to seismic anisotropy--the cause of shear-wave splitting. We will then compare our data to those predicted by several different models of plume/lithosphere interaction. In particular, the "parabolic asthenospheric flow" model, which is consistent with measurements from around Hawaii and Yellowstone, will be critically tested by our data. Although these data may address regional problems such as whether there is a relation between Eifel magmatism and extension in the Rhine Graben, they more fundamentally have the ability to detect the existence of plumes, answering an outstanding question in the geosciences.