IGERT: Biological Invasions: From Genes to Ecosystems, From Science to Society

生物入侵前所未有的加速速度正在造成一系列独特的环境、经济和社会挑战。如果没有人为媒介的作物和牲畜的引进，现代农业社会就不会存在。然而，由于人类商业和旅行的全球化，入侵正在迅速而深刻地改变着环境。从基因到生态系统，所有生物尺度都能感受到入侵的影响，带来巨大的生态和经济后果。从各个角度来看，生物入侵都是快速增长的一系列环境挑战的缩影，没有任何一个学科或群体能够单独解决这些挑战。这个IGERT奖支持建立一个新的多学科研究生项目，其中包括来自加州大学戴维斯分校十个多学科研究生团体和专业学校的培训师和学生，以及来自州、联邦和国家组织的非教师参与者，他们将加强与决策者、立法者、监管者和其他利益相关者的联系。此外，该计划通过国际当局的参与强调入侵的全球后果，并为国际研究合作和个人项目提供支持。受训者将被要求满足他们被录取的研究生组的学位要求，以及旨在建立多学科观点和团队合作的IGERT方案的具体要求。获得学位论文资助的受训者必须开发一个项目，该项目整合了两个或两个以上的IGERT核心学科（生命科学、社会科学、法律、人文科学和物理科学），并有一个同样多样化的指导委员会。正式的培训计划从第一年的综合基础课程开始，包括讲座/研讨会系列，讨论小组和实际技术演示。在这个基础项目之后，将有一个涉及学员和教师的第二年小组合作研究项目，从生物、社会、历史、经济和法律的角度分析被入侵的栖息地或生态系统，并制定一个全面的管理计划。该项目将导致一年一度的春季研讨会，来自学术界、私营和公共部门以及相关利益攸关方的参与者将直接讨论所解决的问题。培训计划的其他关键要素包括要求在校外合作实习和参与广泛的指导网络。该项目将建立跨自然科学、社会科学、工程和人文学科的多学科研究团队，培养下一代环境科学家精通与生物入侵分析和修复相关的伦理、政治、法律、经济和科学问题。IGERT是一项nsf范围内的计划，旨在满足培养具有多学科背景和未来职业需求所需的技术，专业和个人技能的博士科学家和工程师的挑战。该项目旨在通过建立新的、创新的研究生教育和培训模式，在一个超越传统学科界限的合作研究的肥沃环境中，促进研究生教育的文化变革。在该计划的第四年，22个机构获得了奖项，这些项目涵盖了NSF支持的所有科学和工程领域。这一特殊奖项的知识重点在于生物科学局；社会、行为和经济科学；数学和物理科学；工程;教育与人力资源。

Unprecedented and accelerating rates of biological invasion are creating a unique set of environmental, economic, and social challenges. Modern agricultural societies would not exist were it not for human-mediated introductions of crops and livestock. Yet, as a result of the globalization of human commerce and travel, invasions are rapidly and profoundly changing the environment. The effects of invasions are felt at all biological scales, from genes to ecosystems, with enormous ecological and economic consequences. From every perspective, biological invasions epitomize the rapidly growing array of environmental challenges that no single discipline or constituency can solve individually. This IGERT award supports the establishment of a new multidisciplinary graduate program that includes trainers and students from ten multidisciplinary graduate groups and professional schools at UC Davis, as well as non-faculty participants from state, federal and national organizations who will strengthen ties to policymakers, legislators, regulators, and other stakeholders. In addition, the program emphasizes the global ramifications of invasions through the participation of international authorities, and provides support for international research collaborations and individual projects. Trainees will be required to satisfy the degree requirements of the graduate group to which they are admitted, as well as the specific requirements of the IGERT program that aim to build a multidisciplinary perspective and teamwork. Trainees supported for their dissertations must develop a project that integrates two or more of the IGERT core disciplines (life sciences, social sciences, law, humanities, and physical sciences), and have a similarly diverse guidance committee. The formal training program begins with an integrative first-year foundation curriculum, consisting of a lecture/seminar series, discussion groups, and hands-on technical demonstrations. This foundation program will be followed by a second-year group collaborative research project, involving trainees and faculty, that analyzes an invaded habitat or ecosystem from biological, social, historical, economic, and legal perspectives, and develops a comprehensive management plan. This project will lead to an annual spring workshop, with participants from academia, the private and public sectors, and relevant stakeholders speaking directly to the problem addressed. Other key elements of the training program include requirements for collaborative internships outside the university and participation in an extensive mentorship network. This program will build multidisciplinary research teams that span the natural sciences, social sciences, engineering and humanities and that will train the next generation of environmental scientists to be conversant in the ethical, political, legal, and economic, and scientific issues pertinent to the analysis and remediation of biological invasions.IGERT is an NSF-wide program intended to meet the challenges of educating Ph.D. scientists and engineers with the multidisciplinary backgrounds and the technical, professional, and personal skills needed for the career demands of the future. The program is intended to catalyze a cultural change in graduate education by establishing new, innovative models for graduate education and training in a fertile environment for collaborative research that transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries. In the fourth year of the program, awards are being made to twenty-two institutions for programs that collectively span all areas of science and engineering supported by NSF. The intellectual foci of this specific award reside in the Directorates for Biological Sciences; Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences; Mathematical and Physical Sciences; Engineering; and Education and Human Resources.