FOCUSED RESEARCH GROUP (FRG's) Neutron Scattering Studies of Surface and Bulk Disordered Quantum Systems

这个重点研究小组(FRG)将研究无序作为分子、薄膜和体量子系统的结构和动力学的主要因素所起的基本作用。研究技术是格勒诺布尔劳埃朗之万研究所和英国卢瑟福阿普尔顿实验室的ISIS的精密中子散射，这两个实验室目前是世界上领先的中子设施。教育的目标是为研究生和博士后提供中子散射方面的培训，为橡树岭国家实验室正在建造的散裂中子源做准备，并为年轻科学家在欧洲开展持久的合作。这些科学主题包括简单分子和极性分子在光滑和化学活性表面(如氧化镁)和粗糙的新型材料(如纳米管)上的位置、取向、隧道和扩散，研究氦和氢膜的生长、层转变、表面的层模式以及块体量子流体在完全填充的多孔介质中的特征三维激发。其目的是在一维(1D)、2D和3D无序量子系统中将激发与结构(例如，模的能隙与局域化)联系起来，并将明确定义的模的存在与玻色爱因斯坦凝聚和超流联系起来。基本的物理学在高温超导以及在催化和多孔介质开发中的应用方面有相似之处。参与该项目的研究生和博士后将受益于国际合作和尖端研究工具的使用。他们将在学术界、工业界和政府的职业生涯中接受格外良好的培训。该项目由社会、行为和经济学指导委员会国际司和数学和物理科学指导委员会多学科活动办公室共同资助。%本研究致力于揭示无序对分子、薄膜和大宗量子系统的结构和动力学的影响。研究技术是法国格勒诺布尔的劳埃朗之万研究所和英国卢瑟福阿普尔顿实验室的ISIS的精密中子散射，这两个实验室是目前世界上最好的中子设施。教育的目标是为研究生和博士后提供广泛的中子散射培训，使他们能够利用橡树岭国家实验室正在建设的散裂中子源将创造的杰出的新科学机会。它还将在欧洲为年轻科学家开展持久的科学合作。科学主题从分子在表面上的位置、取向、隧道和扩散；化学反应中作为催化剂的重要材料(例如氧化镁)的表面和结构上重要的材料(例如纳米管)开始。他们继续研究薄膜生长、层跃迁、层模、三维量子流体在多孔介质中的动力学及其与玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的关系。基础科学与高温超导体有相似之处，其动机从无序系统的基本概念到定制催化剂和开发新的多孔材料。参与该项目的研究生和博士后将受益于国际合作和尖端研究工具的使用。他们将在学术界、工业界和政府的职业生涯中接受格外良好的培训。该项目由社会、行为和经济学局国际司和数学和自然科学局多学科活动办公室共同资助。

This Focused Research Group (FRG) will investigate the fundamental role of disorder as major factor underlying the structure and dynamics of molecules, films and bulk quantum systems. The investigative technique is precision neutron scattering at the Institut Laue Langevin, Grenoble and at ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, currently the leading neutron facilities in the world. The goal in education is training in neutron scattering for graduate students and post doctoral associates in preparation for the Spallation Neutron Source being built at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and to develop lasting collaborations in Europe for young scientists. The scientific topics include the location, orientation, tunneling and diffusion of simple and polar molecules on smooth and chemically active surfaces (e.g. MgO), and on rough novel materials (e.g. nanotubes), investigating helium and hydrogen film growth, layer transitions, layer modes on surfaces and the characteristic three dimensional excitations of bulk quantum fluids in fully filled porous media. An aim is to relate excitations to structure (e.g. gaps in modes to localization) in one dimensional (1D), 2D and 3D disordered quantum systems and the existence of well-defined modes to Bose Einstein condensation and superfluidity. The underlying physics has analogies in high Tc superconductivity and application in catalysis and porous media development. The graduate students and post-docs participating in this project will benefit from the international collaborations and the use of cutting edge research tools. They will be exceptionally well trained for careers in academe, industry and government. This project is co-funded by the International Division of the Social, Behavioral and Economics Directorate and by the Office of Multidisciplinary Activities in the Mathematical and Physical Sciences Directorate.%%%This research is dedicated to revealing the impact of disorder on the structure and dynamics of molecules, films and bulk quantum systems. The investigative technique is precision neutron scattering at the Institut Laue Langevin, Grenoble, France and at ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK which are currently the best neutron facilities in the world. The goal in education is to provide broad training in neutron scattering for graduate students and post doctoral associates so that they can capitalize on the outstanding new scientific opportunities that will be created by the Spallation Neutron Source now being built at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. It is also to develop lasting scientific collaborations in Europe for young scientists. The scientific topics begin with the location, orientation, tunneling and diffusion of molecules on surfaces; surfaces of materials that are important as catalysts in chemical reactions (e.g. MgO) and structurally important materials (e.g. nanotubes). They continue to the investigation of film growth, layer transitions, layer modes and the dynamics of three dimensional quantum fluids in porous media and their to relation Bose Einstein condensation. The underlying science has analogies in high temperature superconductors and the motivations run from basic concepts in disordered systems to tailoring catalysts and developing new porous materials. The graduate students and post-docs participating in this project will benefit from the international collaborations and the use of cutting edge research tools. They will be exceptionally well trained for careers in academe, industry and government. This project is co-funded by the International Division of the Social, Behavioral and Economics Directorate and by the Office of Multidisciplinary Activities in the Mathematical and Physical Sciences Directorate.