Highly Detailed Reconstructions of New England Weather over the Past Few Centuries and Their Climatic Implications

该奖项将使研究人员能够通过汇编和分析日记、期刊、农业记录和海洋日志等书面档案，重建新英格兰过去300年的日常天气状况。 这些档案将用于重建每日天气图，并将其与最近的气候条件进行比较。 新英格兰有大量冗长的天气档案，是一个对气候条件变化敏感的地区。 该区域每年都受到影响加拿大高压、冰岛低压和亚速尔群岛高压的风暴路径和高空扰动的影响，在区域范围内获得关于过去气候变化的非常详细和冗长的记录对于更好地向社会通报个人生活中气候变化的范围非常重要。 同样重要的是，要建立具有每日分辨率的过去气候条件记录，以评估极端气候事件（即，东北风、飓风、龙卷风和冰暴）已经随着时间而改变。 正是这些极端事件可以极大地影响个人和社区。使用来自新英格兰的300年记录和天气条件的重建有助于推断冷年、暖年和更常见的（即，在小冰河时期的正常年份。 近100年来的仪器记录提供了时间序列，可用于评估可能代表人为诱发条件的近期变化。每日的天气情况将以电子格式汇编，并放在万维网上。 这些数据将提供给公众，包括学校，用于评估气候变化。

This award will enable researchers to reconstruct daily weather conditions for New England over the past 300 years by compiling and analyzing written archives such as diaries, journals, agricultural records, and marine logs. These archives will be used to reconstruct daily weather maps that will be compared with recent climatic conditions. New England has a large number of lengthy weather archives and is a region sensitive to changing climatic conditions. The region is influenced by storm tracks and upper-air disturbances that impact the Canadian High, Icelandic Low and the Bermuda-Azores High from year-to-year.Obtaining highly detailed and lengthy records of past climatic variability at the regional scale is important to better inform society about the range of climatic change in the lives of individuals. It is also important to develop records of past climatic conditions with daily resolution to evaluate how the number and magnitude of extreme climatic events (i.e., nor'Easters, hurricanes, tornadoes, and ice storms) have changed with time. It is these extreme events that can greatly affect individuals and communities.The use of the 300-year record from New England and the reconstruction of synoptic conditions helps to infer differences in seasonality between cold years, warm years, and more common (i.e., normal) years during the Little Ice Age. Instrumental records over approximately the last 100 years provide time series for the evaluation of recent changes that may be representative of anthropogenically-induced conditions. Daily weather conditions will be compiled in electronic format and placed on the World Wide Web. These data will be available to the general public, including schools, to use when evaluating changes in climate.