Formation of Toxic Combustion Byproducts and Soot

这是一项对掺有燃料的火焰的研究，旨在确定在实际燃料成分的同向流动非预混火焰中导致有毒碳氢化合物和烟尘形成和破坏的可能化学机制。基本的方法是以系统的方式研究因掺入燃料而受到干扰的火焰，以解决与形成小芳烃有关的具体机械问题。这一策略允许扰动分析，为具有许多耦合未知数的系统提供机械洞察和模型识别。碳氢化合物，如双环芳烃、支链芳烃、大的直链或环状碳氢化合物，以及通常在液体燃料中发现的其他化合物，在空气非预混同向流动火焰中被掺入用作燃料的甲烷中，并测量中间和产物碳氢化合物的分布。碳氢化合物是用在线单光子光电离/飞行时间质量谱计测量的。用电子碰撞质谱、激光诱导荧光、共振增强多光子电离、热电偶测量温度，用激光诱导白炽灯测量烟尘。

This is a study of fuel-doped flames designed to identify possible chemical mechanisms responsible for the formation and destruction of toxic hydrocarbons and soot in coflow nonpremixed flames of practical fuel components. The basic methodology is to study flames that are perturbed by doping the fuel in systematic ways to address specific mechanistic issues related to the formation of small aromatics. This strategy allows perturbation analysis, which offers mechanistic insight and model discrimination for systems with many coupled unknowns. Hydrocarbons, such as two-ring aromatics, branched aromatics, large linear or cyclic hydrocarbons, and other compounds typically found in liquid fuels, are doped into methane used as a fuel in an air nonpremixed coflowing flame, and profiles of intermediate and product hydrocarbons are measured. Hydrocarbons are measured with an on-line single-photon photoionization/time-of-flight mass sprectrometer. Small species are measured with electron-impact mass spectroscopy, laser-induced fluorescence, and resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization, temperature with thermocouples, and soot with laser-induced incandescence.