Integrated System-Theoretic and Software-Enabled Strategies for Embedded Smart Sensors in Hybrid Systems

Bonnie HeckCCR-0209179“混合系统中嵌入式智能传感器的集成系统理论和软件支持策略”本研究解决了“智能”传感器套件的高效设计和有效运行，这些传感器套件将嵌入具有多种操作模式和多种任务/故障场景的复杂混合系统中。一种集成的方法是将系统理论分析与实时嵌入式软件设计技术相结合，重点关注组合和动态重新配置问题。这种集成方法支持传感器套件的设计，包括其管理软件，该软件能够融合来自异构传感器的信息，以开发物理参数估计和检测/诊断故障，并在面对已识别的故障场景或模式变化时动态重新配置自身。该研究同时解决了系统理论问题和软件设计问题，从而可以理解和考虑双方的需求和能力。因此，从传感器选择/放置决定到传感器融合和动态重新配置算法的开发，诸如来自多个分布式源的数据同步和在重新配置连续组件时管理转换等问题正在被形式化并明确地考虑到整个设计中。这项工作正在借鉴混合系统文献中的现有结果，并根据需要开发一些额外的理论和工具。在本研究中研究的主题包括：o传感器在分布式混合系统中的放置：什么类型的传感器应该放置在哪里，以便重要的变化，无论是连续的还是离散的，都可以以所需的精度观察到。o传感器融合：如何将异构传感器阵列产生的信号组合在一起，在不同的工作模式下产生有用的信息，如物理状态、参数值、故障状态等。o动态重配置：在识别故障或模式变化时，如何对来自不同传感器的信号的处理和融合进行动态重配置，以及信息如何从一种模式转换到另一种模式。该研究正在创建系统理论和软件建模工具，用于构建能够适应复杂混合系统中发生的变化和故障的智能传感器套件。该研究还有望提高对混合系统可观测性的基本认识，以及对混合系统状态估计器的设计和分析。理论/方法的发展正在实际应用的传感器套件上进行验证（例如，三罐工艺演示器），因此没有忽视任何重要的实际问题。在教育方面，跨学科的课程和研究项目正在开发，培养了一批精通系统控制理论和实时软件设计的独特学生。

Bonnie HeckCCR-0209179"Integrated System-Theorectic and Software-Enabled Strategies for Embedded Smart Sensors in Hybrid Systems"This research addresses the efficient design and effective operation of "smart" sensor suites, which are to be embedded in complex hybrid systems with multiple modes of operation and multiple mission / fault scenarios. An integrated approach is being pursued in which system-theoretic analysis is combined with real-time embedded software design techniques that focus on composition and dynamic reconfiguration issues. This integrative approach supports the design of the sensor suite, including its management software, which is capable of fusing information from heterogeneous sensors to develop estimates for physical parameters and detect / diagnose faults, and of dynamically reconfiguring itself in the face of identified fault scenarios or mode changes. The research addresses system-theoretic issues and software-design issues on a concurrent basis so that the requirements and capabilities of the two sides can be understood and taken into account. Hence, issues such as synchronizing data from multiple distributed sources and managing transitions while reconfiguring continuous components, are being formalized and explicitly accounted for throughout the design, beginning with the sensor selection / placement decision to the development of algorithms for sensor fusion and dynamic reconfiguration. This work is drawing upon existing results in the hybrid systems literature and developing some additional theories and tools as necessary. The topics studied in this research include:o Sensor placement in a distributed hybrid system: What types of sensors should be placed where so that important changes, both continuous and discrete, can be observed with required accuracies.o Sensor fusion: How the signals generated from a heterogeneous sensor array will be combined to generate useful information, such as physical states, parameter values, and fault status, under different modes of operation.o Dynamic reconfiguration: How to reconfigure on the fly the processing and fusing of signals from different sensors, in the face of an identified fault or a mode change, and how the information will be transitioned from one mode to another.The research is creating system-theoretic and software modeling tools for constructing smart sensor suites that can adapt to changes and faults that occur in a complex hybrid system. The research is also expected to improve the fundamental understanding into the observability property of hybrid systems and the design and analysis of a state estimator for such a system. The theoretical / methodological development is being validated on sensor suites for real applications (e.g., a three tank process demonstrator) so that no important real issues are overlooked.On the educational front, cross-disciplinary course(s) and research programs are being developed that breed a unique set of students versed in both systems-control theories and real-time software design.