The Effects of Surfactants on Breaking Wind Waves

0221335邓肯已经观察到，穿过海-气界面的气体传输速率与高频表面波的平均平方斜率有很好的相关性。人们还注意到，在对表面张力几乎没有影响的浓度下，表面活性剂的存在会极大地降低风浪频谱的高频分量。对风浪和风浪加上机械产生的海浪的波浪池研究，无论是否使用可溶性表面活性剂，都将试图了解在表面活性剂存在的情况下均方斜率降低的机制，以及高频波的特征。在低浓度时，假设这种影响可能是由于表面活性剂在波峰集中造成的，而波峰通常是毛细效应最大的地方。将使用各种实验室测量技术。手推车以与波浪相位相称的速度沿着波浪水槽运送测量装置。二次谐波产生技术允许动态测量表面活性剂浓度。对于后一项研究，系统将位于固定位置并随机采样风浪。

0221335 DuncanIt has been observed that the rate of gas transfer across the air-sea interface correlates well with the mean squared slope of the high frequency surface waves. It has also been noted that the presence of surfactants, at concentrations that have almost no effect on surface tension, dramatically reduces the high frequency components of the wind wave spectrum. Wave tank studies of wind waves, and wind waves plus mechanically generated waves, with and without soluble surfactants, will seek to understand the mechanisms for this reduction in mean squared slope in the presence of surfactants, as well as the characteristics of high frequency waves. At low concentrations, it is hypothesized that the effects may result from the concentrating of surfactants at the wave crests, where capillary effects are typically largest. A variety of laboratory measurement techniques will be used. A cart carries measurement devices along the wave tank at speeds commensurate with the wave phase. Second Harmonic Generation techniques allow dynamic measurement of surfactant concentration. For these latter studies, the system will be at a fixed location and randomly sample the wind waves.