YIA-PGR: Genomics of Rice Susceptibility to Bacterial Diseases

细菌性疾病对许多作物造成重大损失，而控制措施往往有限或无法获得。大多数是由血管系统的侵入或血管间组织（薄壁组织）的定植引起的。使细菌在植物内繁殖的主要分子工具类别已开始被了解，但对大多数这些工具在植物内的功能知之甚少。对于使植物易受影响的植物信号和靶标，我们仍然知之甚少。实际上，我们对组织特异性的基础一无所知。一个重要的目标是了解病原体和宿主的特性，这些特性为微生物利用不同的植物组织创造了机会。这将促进我们对植物生物学的基本理解，并支持创新的努力，以开发改变植物易感性或阻断病原体毒力的策略。这个为期五年的功能基因组学项目将1)识别对同一宿主的两种密切相关的病原体的差异表达的植物基因，这些病原体会导致不同的代表性疾病；2)描述这些可能起作用的病原体之间的遗传差异；3)鉴定影响病原菌易感性或组织特异性的植物基因。该项目有望获得敏感性和组织特异性所需的关键植物分子靶点和信号，以及细菌以不同方式感染植物所使用的关键蛋白质。水稻（Oryza sativa）是一种重要的作物和模式物种，将用于这些研究。细菌性叶枯病（血管性）和细菌性条纹病（实质）将被检查。这些疾病分别是由米黄单胞菌的两个亚种致病的，致病的米病菌和致病的米病菌。这两种疾病都对美国农业构成威胁。它们也是细菌引起植物疾病的两种最常见方式的优秀模型。该项目将产生以下更广泛的影响：它将整合研究和教育，为研究生和博士后研究人员提供培训和教学经验，并为高中生物学学生提供为期两周的基因组学模块。该项目将通过为本科生女性和少数族裔提供暑期实习机会，促进代表性不足的群体更多地参与科学。该项目将产生多种分子资源，这些资源将在水稻（和其他谷物）生物学和植物细菌学的许多不同方面发挥作用。除了为科学界出版外，研究结果还将通过该项目的教育活动、项目网站和其他外联工作向公众传播。可交付数据将在href=www.public.iastate.edu/~ajbog www.public.iastate.edu/~ajbog /a上在线提供。博格丹诺夫将根据要求按成本回报原则提供已确定的易感突变体的克隆和种子。项目的一个重要目标是构建各病原菌侵染水稻的Gateway (Invitrogen) cDNA文库、病原菌III型效应基因的Gateway文库以及在致病性革兰氏阴性菌中表达的新的兼容载体。网关系统允许轻松转移克隆，帧内和整体，而不会失去代表性，以广泛的表达载体。Gateway水稻cDNA文库将由Bogdanove（邮箱：ajbog@iastate.edu ajbog@iastate.edu /a）或第三方分销商（如ATCC）以成本回报为基础提供。Bogdanove将按成本回报原则提供Gateway黄单胞菌效应基因文库和新的目标载体。

Bacterial diseases cause significant losses in many crops, and control measures often are limited or unavailable. The majority arise from invasion of the vascular system or colonization of the tissue between the veins (the parenchyma). The major classes of molecular tools that enable bacteria to thrive inside plants are beginning to be understood, but little is known about the functions within the plant of most of these tools. Less still is known about the plant signals and targets that render plants susceptible. Virtually nothing is known of the basis for tissue specificity. An understanding of the pathogen and host traits that create opportunities for microbes to exploit different plant tissues is an important goal. It will advance our fundamental understanding of plant biology and support innovative efforts to develop strategies to alter plant susceptibility or block pathogen virulenceThis five-year functional genomics project will 1) identify plant genes differentially expressed in response to two closely related pathogens of the same host that cause different, representative types of disease; 2) characterize genetic differences between these pathogens which likely play a role; and 3) identify plant genes that affect susceptibility or tissue specificity to the pathogens. The project is expected to yield key plant molecular targets and signals required for susceptibility and tissue specificity, and key proteins used by bacteria to infect plants in different ways. Rice (Oryza sativa), an important crop and a model species, will be used for these studies. Bacterial leaf blight (vascular) and bacterial leaf streak (parenchymal) will be examined. These diseases are caused by the two subspecies of Xanthomonas oryzae, pathovar oryzae and pathovar oryzicola, respectively. Both diseases are threats to US agriculture. They are also excellent models for the two most common ways bacteria cause disease in plants. The project will have the following broader impacts. It will integrate research and education by providing training and teaching experience for graduate students and postdoctoral researchers, and a two-week genomics module for high school biology students. The project will foster increased participation in science for underrepresented groups through summer internships for undergraduate women and minorities. The project will produce versatile molecular resources that will be useful in many different aspects of rice (and other cereal) biology and in plant bacteriology. In addition to publication for the scientific community, results will be disseminated to the public through the educational activities of the project, a project website, and other outreach efforts.DeliverablesData will be available online at a href=www.public.iastate.edu/~ajbog www.public.iastate.edu/~ajbog /a. Clones, and seed from identified susceptibility mutants will be provided by Bogdanove on request on a cost-return basis. An important goal of the project is to construct Gateway (Invitrogen) cDNA libraries of rice undergoing infection by each pathogen, Gateway libraries of pathogen type III effector genes, and new compatible vectors for expression in pathogenic gram-negative bacteria. The Gateway system allows easy transfer of clones, in-frame and en masse without loss of representation, to a wide range of expression vectors. The Gateway rice cDNA library will be provided by Bogdanove a href=mailto:ajbog@iastate.edu ajbog@iastate.edu /a or a third party distributor such as the ATCC on a cost-return basis. The Gateway Xanthomonas effector gene libraries and new destination vectors will be provided by Bogdanove on a cost-return basis.