Collaborative Research: Informational Constraints on Interpersonal Coordination

当两个人交谈时，双方几乎总是处于运动状态。当说话人的姿势改变时，听者的姿势也会改变，两者一起与说话人的讲话节奏相协调。我们并不总是注意到，但这种社会协调一直在发生。人们协调自己身体的运动，即使在实验室实验的尴尬社交环境中也是如此。动作微妙而无意地同步，就像在无意识的舞蹈中一样。这种舞蹈很重要，与心理健康有关。它会随着精神分裂症、自闭症甚至婚姻不满等心理功能障碍而崩溃。因此，社会同步的基础科学将广泛影响我们对社会问题的理解，并进一步推进治疗的可能性。在国家科学基金会的支持下，理查德·施密特博士和卡罗尔·福勒博士将促进我们对支持社会互动的感知和认知过程的理解，这些过程允许自然互动中的运动同步。这些科学家和其他人过去的研究表明，人际协调的一般动力学原理。这些先前的研究证实，与另一个人交谈或看到另一个人的动作提供了耦合媒介，即协调的基础。这项资助的研究将调查大脑和身体是如何相互作用来组织这种协调的。新的实验将人们聚集在一起解决问题，然后追踪共同解决问题的心理协调程度如何有助于运动协调。保持姿势的微妙动作以及公开的有节奏的动作被记录下来，以供使用非线性动力学的现代数学工具进行分析。不同的实验对比了四肢、躯干和身体其他部位的运动、竞争性任务和合作任务、自然说话和有节奏的说话，以及在多大程度上可以看到其他人的动作。

When two people converse both are almost always in motion. As a speaker's posture shifts, the listener's does too, and the two together become coordinated with the speaker's speech rhythms. We don't always notice but this kind of social coordination happens all the time. People coordinate the movements of their bodies, even in the awkward social situation of a laboratory experiment. Movements are subtly and unintentionally synchronized as in an unconscious dance. This dance is important and is associated with mental health. It breaks down with psychological dysfunctions such as schizophrenia, autism and even marital dissatisfaction. Thus a fundamental science of social synchronization would broadly impact our understanding of social concerns and further advance the possibilities for therapy.With support from the National Science Foundation, Dr. Richard Schmidt and Dr. Carol Fowler will advance our understanding of the perceptual and cognitive processes that support social interactions, the processes that allow synchronization of movements in natural interactions. Past research by these scientists and others suggests general dynamical principles that underlie interpersonal coordination. These previous studies established that talking with another person or seeing the other person's movements provide the coupling mediums, the bases for coordination. The funded research will investigate how the mind and body interact to organize this coordination. The new experiments put people together to solve problems and then track how the shared problem solving-the degree of psychological coordination-contributes to movement coordination. Subtle movements to maintain posture as well as overt rhythmic movements are recorded for analysis using modern mathematical tools of nonlinear dynamics. Different experiments contrast movements of limbs, torso, and other parts of the body, competitive vs. cooperative tasks, natural vs. rhythmic speaking, and how much can be seen of another's person's movements.