Rational Calculation and Trust: A Comparative Institutional Analysis of Emerging Credit Card Markets in Socialist and Post-Socialist and Developing Societies

这个项目考察了在社会主义和后社会主义国家的新兴信用卡市场中，理性计算和信任在贷款中的作用。该项目的基本目标是调查理性计算背后的制度条件，信任可以取代理性计算的方式，以及使用其中之一的后果。研究人员将比较七个社会主义和后社会主义经济体的银行发行信用卡的方式；这些国家代表着三条从指令性经济过渡的道路，因此，银行必须协商三种不同的背景。第一组(捷克共和国、匈牙利和波兰)大体上成功地完成了政治和经济转型；第二组(保加利亚和俄罗斯)被认为迄今未能巩固一套运作良好的机构；第三组(中国和越南)选择在保持政治机构稳定的同时进行经济转型。将从对信用卡申请者和用户、银行和政府官员的采访以及描述银行和信用卡做法、决策、行业组织和做法以及信贷贷款和使用做法的文件中收集数据。

This project examines the role of rational calculation and trust in lending in emerging credit card markets in socialist and post-socialist countries. The fundamental goal of the project is to investigate the institutional conditions underlying rational calculation, the ways that trust may be substituted for rational calculation as well as the consequences of using one or the other. The researchers will compare how banks issue credit cards in seven socialist and post-socialist economies; these countries represent three transition paths from a command economy and, thus, three different contexts that banks must negotiate. The first group (the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland) has, by and large, successfully completed both a political and an economic transformation; the second group (Bulgaria and Russia) are considered so far to have failed to consolidate a well-functioning set of institutions; and the third group (China and Vietnam) has opted for an economic transformation while keeping political institutions stable. Data that will be gathered from interviews with credit card applicants and users and banking and government officials as well as from documents describing banking and credit card practices, decision making, industry organization and practices, and the practice of credit lending and usage.