Doctoral Dissertation Research - Moving Out: Section 8 and Public Housing Relocation in Chicago

本文将利用芝加哥住房管理局第8节住房券，研究芝加哥非裔美国人家庭从公共住房转移到私人市场的定居模式和住房选择决策。它将研究这些搬迁家庭的迁移地点，他们的定居模式与其他第8部分接受者的定居模式相比如何，以及这些模式如何反映当地住房市场。它将分析不同类型的家庭和来自不同CHA开发的家庭是否正在迁移到不同的社区。并且，它将询问在以下背景下，住房寻找过程中的选择和约束是如何塑造搬迁决策的：1)CHA的再开发和搬迁计划；2)芝加哥房地产市场的具体动态；3)家庭构成、需求和偏好的差异。最后，本文将探讨这些选择和约束如何有助于解释当地住房市场的定居模式。提出的研究设计是多方法的。它将结合定量和空间分析（第一阶段），与专家受访者的访谈（第二阶段），以及与公共住房搬迁家庭分层样本的定性半结构化访谈（第三阶段）。定量分析将使用芝加哥常规第8节和搬迁计划的行政数据、美国地区人口普查数据和当前住房市场数据。将使用地理信息系统工具生成地理聚落和人口模式的可视化表示。统计检验将包括：第8节人口之间差异的方差分析；人口普查区各项目户数邻里特征的OLS回归分析OLS回归分析了不同家庭特征对非裔美国家庭比例和受助地区贫困率的影响。利用地理信息系统工具产生的空间变量将作为控制因素纳入这些分析。与搬迁家庭的访谈记录将使用分层数据库计算机程序进行分析（第四阶段）。本研究旨在为当前的住房援助和公共住房重新安置方案提供一系列社会科学方法观点，以便产生对国家决策者和负责方案实施的地方管理人员都有价值的结果。它将推动更广泛地探索限制弱势群体机会的种族和经济隔离机制。它还将支持继续将新兴的地理信息系统工具和空间分析纳入城市系统的社会政策分析和社会科学研究。这项研究将在几个方面对社会科学作出贡献：研究结果将传播给学术界和实践者。共同项目负责人与当地利益相关者密切合作，共同开发该项目，并同意通过非正式方式和向芝加哥已建立的公民网络进行演示来分享研究结果。研究结果将通过一系列会议论文（2-3）和学术出版物(2)与跨学科学术和决策团体分享。此外，完整的论文将通过美国住房和城市发展部的网页公布，并通过HUD-User提供。

This dissertation will study the settlement patterns and housing choice decisions of African American households in Chicago as they move out of public housing and into the private market using Chicago Housing Authority Section 8 housing vouchers. It will examine where these relocation households are moving, how their settlement patterns compare with those of other Section 8 recipients, and how these patterns reflect the local housing market. It will analyze whether different types of households, and households from different CHA developments, are moving to different neighborhoods. And, it will ask how relocation decisions are shaped by the choices and constraints that characterize the housing search process in the context of: 1) the CHA's redevelopment and relocation programs; 2) the specific dynamics of Chicago's housing market; and 3) the differences in the households' composition, needs, and preferences. Finally, it will explore how these choices and constraints help to explain the patterns of settlement in the local housing market. The proposed research design is multi-method. It will combine quantitative and spatial analysis (Phase I), interviews with expert respondents (Phase II), and qualitative semi-structured interviews with a stratified sample of public housing relocation households (Phase III). The quantitative analysis will use administrative data for Chicago's regular Section 8 and relocation programs, tract level U.S. Census data, and current housing market data. Visual representations of geographic settlement and demographic patterns will be generated using GIS tools. Statistical tests will include: ANOVA analysis of differences between Section 8 populations; OLS regression analysis of neighborhood characteristics on the number of households from each program in the census tract; and, OLS regression analysis of the effects of different household characteristics, on the proportion of African American households and the poverty rates of the receiving tracts. Spatial variables generated using GIS tools will be incorporated into these analyses as controls. Transcripts of interviews with relocation households will be analyzed using a hierarchical database computer program (Phase IV). This research is designed to bring a range of social-scientific methodological perspectives to bear on current housing-assistance and public-housing relocation programs in order to generate results valuable to both national policy makers and local managers charged with program implementation. It will advance broader explorations of the mechanisms of racial and economic segregation that limits the opportunities of disadvantaged populations. It will also support the continued integration of emergent GIS tools and spatial analysis into social-policy analysis and social-scientific studies of urban systems. The research will contribute to social science in several ways: The findings will be disseminated to both academic and practitioner audiences. The Co-PI has worked closely with local stakeholders in developing the project, and has agreed to share findings both informally and through presentations to an established civic network in Chicago. The findings will be shared with interdisciplinary academic and policy-making communities through a series of conference papers (2-3), and scholarly publications (2). In addition, the full dissertation will be publicized through the US Department of Housing and Urban Development's web page, and made available through HUD-User.