SBIR Phase I: Infrasonic Avalanche Identification

小企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目旨在开发雪崩预警系统，以提高山区旅行和生活者的安全。 雪崩产生低频次声（1 - 5赫兹），可从其发源地传播数英里，从而为远程自动检测和警报系统提供了一种手段。 单传感器监测系统能够检测雪崩次声，但相关的检测算法遭受高噪声条件下的假警报。 基于传感器阵列的系统提供空间信号信息，其可用于噪声抑制和源定位，从而潜在地极大地提高检测能力。 然而，基于阵列的信号处理技术和相关的理论假设的使用和局限性，适用于雪崩次声的大规模和现场需求，需要进行调查和理解。 在计划的雪崩控制活动期间，将运行一个监测系统，以获得实验数据，确定雪崩探测传感器阵列的可行性。该技术的商业应用存在于监测、警告和控制旅行和商业路线，用于穷乡僻壤的旅行者、娱乐区、搜索和救援行动，以及用于监测和警告人们居住的雪崩。据估计，这项技术在国际上有很大的市场。

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project seeks to develop avalanche-warning systems to improve the safety of those who travel and live in mountainous areas. Avalanches produce low frequency infrasound (1-5 Hz), which can propagate miles from their origin, and thus provide a means for remote, automated detection and warning systems. Single sensor monitoring systems are capable of detecting avalanche infrasound, but associated detection algorithms suffer from false alarms under high noise conditions. Sensor array based systems provide spatial signal information, which can be used both for noise suppression, and source location, potentially greatly improving detection capabilities. However, the use and limitations of array-based signal processing techniques and associated theoretical assumptions, as applied to the large scales and field demands of avalanche infrasound, needs to be investigated and understood. A monitoring system will be operated during planned avalanche control activities to gain experimental data to determine the feasibility of sensor arrays for avalanche detection. Commercial applications of this technology exist for monitoring, warning, and controlling routes of travel and commerce, for backcountry travelers, recreation areas, search and rescue operations, and for monitoring and warning of avalanches where people reside. It is estimated that there is a large international market for this technology.