Anthropogenic Aerosol Effects on Cirrus Clouds

这项研究考察了人为气溶胶对大气中冰过程的影响。PIS将使用全球大气环流模式(GCM)和气溶胶模式。将开发和实施非均质冰成核过程(浸泡冻结和沉积成核)的参数化，并与气候模式中现有的均匀冻结的参数化一起实施。本课程将估计由于人为因素对卷云造成的气候强迫，并讨论对流层上层非均质成冰与均质成冰的重要性。飞机排放的烟尘颗粒的影响将与来自地球表面的烟尘和其他来源的冰核进行比较。该项目的更广泛影响包括：(1)这是一项与政策相关的研究，由于它与气候强迫以及气候变化的不确定性直接相关，因此将得到广泛传播，从而将造福社会；(2)在这里学到的成果将被纳入彭纳博士开设的气溶胶微物理课程；(3)研究生将通过该项目得到培训。

This study examines the effects of anthropogenic aerosols on ice processes in the atmosphere. The PIs will use a global atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) coupled with an aerosol model. Parameterizations of heterogeneous ice nucleation processes (immersion freezing and deposition nucleation) will be developed and implemented together with an existing parameterization for homogeneous freezing in the climate model. The climate forcing due to the anthropogenic effects on cirrus clouds will be estimated, and the importance of heterogeneous versus homogeneous ice nucleation in the upper troposphere will be addressed. The effect of aircraft emitted soot particles will be studied in comparison with soot and other sources of ice nuclei from the earth's surface. The broader impacts of this project include: (1) that this is a policy-relevant study that will be widely disseminated because of its direct relevance to uncertainties in climate forcing and, hence, climate change, and will thereby benefit society; (2) that results learned here will be incorporated into the aerosol microphysics course offered by Dr. Penner; and (3) that graduate students will be trained through the project.