COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Is Kamb Ice Stream Restarting? Glaciological Investigations of the Bulge-Trunk Transition on Kamb Ice Stream, West Antarctica

该奖项支持一个项目，以测试是否卡姆冰流（原冰流C（ISC）），一个冰流，被认为已经停止约150年前，可能已经在重新启动的过程中。如果是的话，这将有助于确定冰流重新激活的速率以及控制这一速率的机制。如果没有证据表明正在进行的冰流重新激活，将检查阻止它的物理控制，并探索这种冰流在不久的将来演变的替代方案。其中一种情况是冰向邻近的惠兰冰流转移的增加。 这种转移可能有助于防止惠兰冰流的完全停止，至少在过去24年里，惠兰冰流一直在减缓。该项目将包括两个组成部分：（1）利用冰穿透雷达和差分全球定位系统对河床特性、内部雷达反射器的几何形状以及表面应变率和速度/地形变化进行实地观测;（2）对卡姆冰流的近期（~100-1000年）演变进行数值模拟研究。 现场部分将集中在膨胀到主干的过渡，这是目前位于所谓的营地UpC的下游。Kamb冰流的重新激活应反映在隆起-主干过渡的下游迁移中，其迁移速率可能很高（隆起迁移速率为~km/年，发生在涌动的山地冰川上）。建模组件将用于生成关于坎布冰流近期行为的预测。该项目将为圣奥拉夫学院至少两名本科生（每年）和UCSC一名本科生（每年）提供培训机会。这项合作将汇集来自三种不同类型的美国机构的科学家：（1）文科学院（圣奥拉夫学院），（2）公立研究型大学（UCSC）和（3）NASA研究实验室（JPL）。该项目还将帮助UCSC建立一个新的冰川学研究项目。项目结果将被纳入UCSC的本科和研究生课程，并将通过UCSC PI研究网站上发布的可下载图形和动画向公众和教育工作者提供。该项目产生的实地数据将张贴在南极冰川学数据中心，供其他调查人员使用。

This award supports a project to test whether Kamb Ice Stream (formerly Ice Stream C (ISC)), an ice streamthat is thought to have stopped ~150 years ago, may be already in the process of restarting. If yes, it will help establish what is the rate of ice stream reactivation and what mechanisms are controlling this rate. If there is no evidence for ongoing ice stream reactivation, the physical controls that are preventing it will be examined and alternative scenarios for near-future evolution of this ice stream will be explored. One such scenario is an increase in ice diversion toward the neighboring Whillans Ice Stream. Such diversion may help prevent a complete stoppage of Whillans Ice Stream,which has been slowing down for at least the last 24 years. This project will consist of two components: (1) field observations of bed properties,geometry of internal radar reflectors, as well as surface strain rates and velocity/topography changes using Ice-Penetrating Radar and differential Global Positioning System, (2) numerical modeling study of near future(~100-1000 years) evolution of Kamb Ice Stream. The field component will be focused on the bulge-to-trunk transition, which is located at the present time just downstream of the so-called camp UpC. Reactivation of Kamb Ice Stream should be reflected in a downstream migration of the bulge-trunk transition at possibly high rates (bulge migration rates of ~km/yr occur on surging mountain glaciers). The modelingcomponent will be used to generate predictions regarding the near-future behavior of Kamb Ice Stream. This project will provide training opportunities for at least two undergraduate students (per year) at St. Olaf College and for oneundergraduate student (per year) at UCSC. This collaboration will bring together scientists from three different types of US institutions: (1) a liberal arts college (St.Olaf College), (2) a public research university (UCSC) and (3) a NASA research laboratory (JPL). The project will also help build a new glaciological research program at UCSC. Project results will be incorporated into undergraduate and graduate courses at UCSC and will be made availableto the general public and educators through downloadable graphics and animations posted on the research website of the UCSC PI. Field data resulting from the project will be posted in the Antarctic Glaciological Data Center for use by other investigators.