SGER: Robust Gain Scheduled Control Design in Power Systems

随着竞争市场和放松管制的到来，北美的电力系统发生了前所未有的变化。系统中的这些变化导致系统的负载水平更高，并进一步增加了系统的压力。与此同时，由于当前的经济状况和市场缺乏激励措施，输电电网的扩张幅度很小。因此，现有的输电和发电设施得到了高度利用，公司和地理区域之间进行了大量的电力互换。预计这一趋势将继续增长，并导致对保持可靠性和足够的系统动态性能提出更严格的要求。在很大程度上，励磁系统、电力系统稳定器(PSS)、静止无功补偿器(SVC)以及由现代电力电子技术驱动的新型控制装置(称为柔性交流输电系统或FACTS)在保持足够的系统动态性能方面起着关键作用。这些控制措施的适当设计，使整个系统具有强大的稳定性和性能，这是至关重要的。随着对可靠性和系统动态性能的日益重视，更需要以集成的方式分析和设计控制，实现各种控制之间的相互作用。我们建议应用增益调度技术来实现一族鲁棒控制器的使用。更具体地说，我们建议探索使用线性参数变化(LPV)方法来获得调度。这是一种相对较新的方法，尚未在大型电力系统中认真探索。另一方面，LPV增益调度方法在飞行控制系统中成功应用后，在航空航天应用中得到了越来越多的接受。在这些应用中，人们可以观察到与电力系统相似的运行条件(如海拔、空速)的广泛变化。具体地说，我们将讨论以下主题：开发和应用线性参数变(LPV)增益调度控制设计方法到考虑运行条件大变化的大型电力系统。一种新的大规模电力系统的分散控制设计。广泛的影响该项目解决了对国家电网可靠性的迫切需求，涉及控制器的高效设计。该项目还提出了一种新的电力系统分散控制器设计方法，该方法将大大减少大型电力系统的计算负担，但仍考虑了与运行条件变化相关的不确定性。这将提供对该方法的初步测试，并为开发更复杂的控件设计技术提供洞察力。还将开发该方法的分析基础。该项目将支持一名博士生一年。这将为国家的科学工作力量做出贡献，并培养出一名具有先进能力的工程师，以解决与国家电网可靠性相关的重大问题。

The electric power system in North America has undergone unprecedented changes with the advent of a competitive market place and deregulation. These changes in the system have resulted in higher levels of loading on the system, and have further increased its stress. At the same time, the transmission grid has seen very little expansion due to the prevailing economic conditions and the lack of incentives in the market. As a result, available transmission and generation facilities are highly utilized with large amount of power interchanges among companies and geographical regions. It is envisioned that this trend will continue to grow and result in more stringent requirements to maintain reliability and adequate system dynamic performance. To a large extent, critical controls like excitation systems, power system stabilizers (PSS), static VAR compensators (SVC), and a new breed of control devices driven by modern power electronics and referred to as flexible ac transmission systems or FACTS play a key role in maintaining adequate system dynamic performance. Proper design of these controls resulting in robust system-wide stability and performance is essential. With the increased emphasis on reliability and system dynamic performance there is a greater need to analyze and design controls in an integrated fashion, taking into effect the interaction between the various kinds of controls. We propose to apply gain-scheduling techniques to enable the use of a family of robust controllers. More specifically, we propose to explore the use of linear parameter varying (LPV) approach to gain scheduling. This is a relatively recent approach that has not been seriously explored for large power systems. On the other hand, LPV gain scheduling methods are gaining acceptance in aerospace applications following their successful use in flight control systems. In these applications, one observes wide changes in the operating conditions (e.g. altitude, airspeed) similar to those seen in power systems.Specifically, we will address the following topics: Development and application of linear parameter varying (LPV) gain scheduling methods of control design to large power systems accounting for large changes in operating conditions.A novel decentralized control design for large-scale power systems.Broader ImpactThe project addresses a critical need for the reliability of the national electric grid dealing with the efficient design of controllers. The project also propose a novel decentralized approach to controller design for power systems that will significantly reduce the computational burden for large power systems but still take into account the uncertainty associated with changing operating conditions. This will provide initial testing of the approach and provide insight into the development of more elaborate techniques for designing controls. The analytical basis for the approach will also be developed.The project will support 1 PhD student for a year. This will contribute to the nation's scientific work force and produce an engineer with advanced capabilities to tackle the important issues related to the reliability of national electric grid.