Dorsoventral pattern formation

在果蝇中，背腹(DV)轴的形成始于卵子发生期间，来自生殖系L0Soma的局部EGF信号在卵壳中提供空间线索，导致在胚胎发生期间To11/NF-KB信号级联的腹侧激活。Toll信号诱导中胚层的形成，并建立DPP(BMP)信号的梯度，从而形成胚胎和胚胎外胚层。使用候选基因的方法，我们能够分析在Tribolium中DV轴形成的关键方面，但我们未能揭示导致胚系信号定位、腹侧蛋壳线索的形成、Toll配体的激活和网络领先的LO中胚层规范的过程。显然，在一个基本保守的发育网络中，已经在多个时间点招募了新的组成部分。此外，果蝇缺乏两个发育过程：生长区的DV模式和胚胎外发育。在iBeetle项目中，我们计划识别DV模式网络中缺失的组件，并识别生长区DV模式和胚胎外发育所需的基因。

In Drosophila, dorsoventral (DV) axis formation begins during oogenesis when localized EGF signaling from germline lo soma provides spatial cues in the eggshell, which during embryogenesis lead lo ventral activation of the TO11/NF-KB signaling cascade. Toll signaling induces mesoderm formation and establishes a gradient of Dpp (BMP) signaling that patterns the embryonic and extraembryonic ectoderm. Using a candidate-gene approach we were able lo analyze key aspects of DV axis formation in Tribolium, but we failed lo unravel the processes leading to the localization of the germline signal, the formation of the ventral eggshell cues, the activation of the Toll ligand and the network leading lo mesoderm specification. Apparently, new components have been recruited at multiple points within a largely conserved developmental network. Furthermore, two processes lack developmental counterparts in Drosophila: DV patterning in the growth zone and extraembryonic development. Within the iBeetle project we plan lo identify missing components of the DV patterning network and identify genes required for DV patterning in the growth zone and for extraembryonic development.