SGER: Identification and Preliminary Modeling of the Culture-Based Risk Mental Model

本研究的目的是确定基于文化的风险心理模型的影响，以确定已创造的“基于文化的风险心理模型”或CRMM的结构和成分。工作场所事故造成的伤害和死亡的差异不仅仅取决于社会权力或社会中职业的选择。自1988年以来，文化已被发现对伤害和死亡的风险以及个人的风险感知有很强的影响，并似乎与社会权力和选择相互作用，以决定风险感知、风险容忍和合规行为。但是，文化影响风险的方式和机制尚不清楚，除非在社会权力的背景下，某些群体更有可能从事危险的工作。未解决的问题是：还有哪些与文化相关的因素会影响个人对危险工作或高风险环境的容忍度？在工作场所发生的哪些类型的文化关键事件可能导致风险差异？哪些工具和技术可以用来评估、分析和控制风险环境中与文化差异相关的潜在因素？风险感知的一个重要机制是风险心理模型，本项目旨在了解与基于文化的风险心理模型相关的决策和思维模式。这些模式与文化和社会认知社会化过程有关。这些组成部分将在概念上建模和量化，以便我们能够开发方法来描述和预测基于文化差异的风险相关结果。最终目标是通过开发解释性模型来消除风险差异，这些模型可用于设计和评估干预措施的有效性，以提高所有群体的安全性，而不管文化如何。

The purpose of this study is to determine the culture-based influences on risk mental models to identify the structure and components of what has been coined the "culture-based risk mental model" or CRMM. Differences in injuries and fatalities from accidents in workplace settings are not solely determined by social power or choice of occupations within a society. Since 1988, culture has been found to be a strong influence on the risk of injuries and fatalities, and on individuals' perceptions of risk and seems to interact with social power and choice to determine risk perception, risk tolerance, and compliance behaviors. But, the manner and mechanisms by which culture influences risk are not understood, except in the context of social power, where certain groups are more likely to be exposed to hazardous jobs. The unanswered questions are: What other factors related to culture influence individual tolerance for hazardous work or high risk contexts? What types of cultural critical incidents occur in the workplace that may contribute to risk disparities? And, what tools and techniques can be used to assess, analyze, and control the underlying factors related to cultural differences in risk contexts? One important mechanism underlying risk perception is the risk mental model and this project is designed to understand the decision-making and thought patterns associated with culture-based risk mental models. These patterns relate to cultural and social-cognitive socialization processes. These components will be conceptually modeled and quantified so that we can develop methods to describe and predict outcomes related to risk based on differences in culture. The ultimate goal is to eliminate risk disparities by developing explanatory models that can be used to design and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to enhance safety for all groups, regardless of culture.