SGER: Rapid Research Repsonse to Determine the Impact of a Natural, Hot Wildfire at the Sky Oaks Biological Field Station on the Horizontal and Vertical Fluxes of Carbon

在这个探索性研究（SGER）的小补助金，圣地亚哥州立大学（SDSU）的全球变化研究小组的指导下，沃尔特Oechel博士，并与合作者从SDSU和其他大学，将探讨野火的生态系统的影响，肆虐的SDSU天空橡树生物场站2003年7月16日。这场大火摧毁了数十年的长期全球变化、大气二氧化碳浓度升高和生态生理学研究，并烧毁了建立长期二氧化碳通量研究的查帕拉尔林。 虽然保险基金在开始更换丢失的设备方面发挥了重要作用，但研究仍然受到场地植被破坏的严重影响。原先在现场的两个涡流通量塔已被替换，但为了在野外站成熟（102年历史）的查帕拉尔的未燃烧区域保留一个“控制”塔，其中一个塔的位置不得不搬迁。这SGER赠款将允许SDSU重新建立一个塔在以前的“老立场”网站被烧毁，并保持现场测量的一致性。这三个涡流通量塔将共同提供有关火灾后系统恢复引起的净二氧化碳交换、水蒸气和能量通量变化的信息。 该SGER赠款的具体目标是量化自然夏季野火（在炎热，干燥，多风，圣安娜条件下）对生态系统功能，重建和侵蚀的影响，并确定火灾对横向和下坡碳运输和碳命运的影响。该赠款旨在迅速建立新的测量方法，并在野火发生后重新建立以前存在的研究。Sky Oaks网站由多名研究人员使用，这里要求的设备和支持将使大卫利普森博士（SDSU）、乔治沃里蒂斯博士（加州州立大学圣马科斯分校）和约翰·加蒙博士（加州州立大学洛杉矶），以及墨西哥Noroeste生物学研究中心（CIBNOR）和恩塞纳达上级科学研究和教育中心（CICESE）的合作者. 作为这项研究的一部分，将进行侵蚀研究，以评估碳和氮通过侵蚀的横向迁移。侵蚀过程的物理测量将与基于小室的净生态系统通量、土壤呼吸和光合作用活动的测量结合起来。这些测量将帮助我们了解火灾的影响模式和控制的组件通量和生态系统通量的贡献，涡度相关塔测量。最终，这些知识将帮助我们更好地了解碳平衡和全球变化。

In this Small Grant for Exploratory Research (SGER), San Diego State University's (SDSU) Global Change Research Group under the direction of Dr. Walter Oechel, and in conjunction with collaborators from SDSU and other universities, will explore the ecosystem effects of the wildfire that ravaged the SDSU Sky Oaks Biological Field Station on July 16, 2003. The fire destroyed several decades' worth of long-term global change, elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide, and ecophysiological research, and burned the chaparral stands where long-term carbon dioxide flux studies had been established. While insurance funds have been instrumental in beginning to replace the equipment that was lost, the research has still been drastically affected by the destruction of site vegetation. The two eddy flux towers that were previously on the site have been replaced, but to maintain a "control" tower in an unburned area of the field station's mature (102-year-old) chaparral, one of the tower sites had to be relocated. This SGER grant will allow SDSU to re-establish a tower at the previous "old stand" site that was burned, and maintain site measurement consistency. Together, the three eddy flux towers will provide information on net carbon dioxide exchange, water vapor, and energy flux changes that result from system recovery following a fire. Specific objectives of this SGER grant are to quantify the effects of a natural summer wildfire (under hot, dry, windy, Santa Ana conditions) on ecosystem function, reestablishment, and erosion and determine the impacts of fire on lateral and downhill carbon transport and carbon fate. The grant was sought to quickly establish new measurements and reestablish previously existing research following the wildfire. The Sky Oaks site is used by multiple researchers and the equipment and support requested here will benefit Dr. David Lipson (SDSU), Dr. George Vourlitis (California State University San Marcos), and Dr. John Gamon (California State University Los Angeles), as well as collaborators in Mexico at Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR) and Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada (CICESE). As part of this study, an erosion study will be established to assess the lateral transport of carbon and nitrogen via erosion. Physical measurements of erosional processes will be taken in conjunction with chamber-based measurements of net ecosystem flux, soil respiration, and photosynthetic activity. These measurements will help us understand the effect of fire on the patterns of and controls on component fluxes and their contributions to ecosystem fluxes as measured by eddy covariance towers. Ultimately this knowledge will help us better understand carbon balance and global change.