PREMISE II: Comparative Life Cycle Impacts of Bio- and Petro-based Lubricants

产品实现环境制造生态效率创新系统(Premise)第二阶段研究的主要目标是对工业应用中生物润滑油替代传统石油润滑油(矿物油)的情况进行全面评估，解决这一问题的技术、经济、社会和工作场所的复杂性。它将根据一种全面的生命周期方法，对将生物基润滑剂推向市场所涉及的步骤进行全面分析，在该方法中，将生物基润滑剂所涉及的材料、能源和成本与目前使用的石油基润滑剂进行比较。它包括五个部分：大规模(铝轧)生物润滑剂的性能评价，包括污染物排放，生命周期经济分析，监管因素对差别定价的影响评估，生物润滑剂决策过程中涉及的因素分析，以及生物润滑剂的广泛采用对农业市场的潜在影响。该项目涉及来自学术界、政府和私营部门的研究人员。美国的工业润滑油市场(不包括汽车应用)每年约为1亿加仑。如果成功，这项研究将为社会带来几个好处。首先，在大多数应用中，生物基润滑剂固有的污染更少，其制造比石油基替代品消耗更少的能源。其次，与化石燃料产品相比，生物基产品在制造和生命周期中通常排放更少的温室气体。第三，与石油润滑剂相比，大豆润滑剂具有更好的润滑性，从而提供了提高工业生产能力的可能性。第四，只要生物润滑油在市场上取代了石油润滑油，美国对进口石油的依赖就会降低。最后，虽然重点关注大豆油，因为它在美国市场上可以买到，而且过去在调整大豆产品以适应新用途方面的经验，这项提议的结果也将提供一个评估框架，可以用于其他蔬菜基地。

The principal goal of this Product Realization Environmental Manufacturing Innovative Systems for Eco-Efficiency (PREMISE) Phase II research is to perform a holistic evaluation of the substitution of bio-based lubricants for traditional petroleum-based lubricants (mineral oils) in industrial applications, addressing the technical, economic, societal, and workplace complexities of this issue. It will provide a comprehensive analysis of the steps involved in bringing bio-based lubricants into the marketplace, relying on a comprehensive life cycle approach in which the materials, energy, and costs involved with bio-based lubricants are compared with those of petroleum-based lubricants currently in use. It contains five parts: evaluation of the performance of bio-based lubricants, including pollutant emissions, at large scale (aluminum rolling), life cycle economic analysis, assessment of the effects of regulatory factors on differential pricing, an analysis of the factors involved in the decision-making process regarding bio-based lubricants, and the potential for changes in agricultural markets as a result of the widespread adoption of bio-lubricants. This project involves researchers from academia, government, and the private sector.The industrial lubricant market in the US (not including automotive applications) is approximately 100 million gallons per year. If successful, this research will provide several benefits to society. First, bio-based lubricants, in most applications, are inherently less polluting and their manufacture uses less energy than petroleum-based alternatives. Second, bio-based products in general emit fewer greenhouse gases during their manufacture and life cycle than products made from fossil fuels. Third, soy-based lubricants have superior lubricity properties in comparison with petroleum-based lubricants, thereby offering the possibility of improved industrial throughput. Fourth, to the extent that bio-based lubricants displace petroleum-based lubricants in the marketplace, the US reliance on imported oil is lowered. Finally, although focused soybean oil, both because of its availability in US markets and past experience in adapting soy-based products to new uses, the results from this proposal will also provide an evaluative framework that can be used for other vegetable bases.