Support for International Council for Science (ICSU) Environmental and Global Change Activities

ICSU将把国际科学界聚集在一起，解决紧迫和具有智力挑战的全球问题，其中包括世界气候研究计划(WCRP)；生物多样性计划，DIVERSITS；以及地球系统科学伙伴关系(ESSP)就食品、碳、水和健康等综合全球问题开展新研究的努力具有特别重要的意义。国际科学理事会促进了环境科学广泛领域的智力交流，并通过支持知识和理解的国际进步，同时提高未来以现实方式应对环境挑战的能力，服务于科学和社会的迫切需要。国际科学理事会明年在环境和全球变化方面的活动将侧重于：自然灾害和人为危害；全球观测系统；与环境科学有关的新举措；应对多种气候/全球变化压力的脆弱性和复原力；与第四个国际极地年有关的科学规划；以及评估全球和区域两级环境状况的设想。国际科学理事会将支持世界气候变化方案与进一步发展全球能源和水循环实验、平流层过程及其在气候中的作用、气候变异性和可预测性研究、气候和冰冻圈研究以及全球地球观测系统有关的活动。国际科学理事会将支持实施DIVERSITAS科学计划，该计划侧重于三个核心项目--生物发现，致力于生物多样性变化的分类、监测和驱动；生态服务，致力于生物多样性、生态系统功能和服务；BioSUSTAINABILITY，致力于在保护和可持续发展的基础上开展科学。这些核心项目的进展情况将提交给2005年11月在墨西哥瓦哈卡举行的第一届DIVERSITAS开放科学会议并加以审查。国际科学理事会还将支持可持续发展战略计划开展有关粮食、碳、水和健康等具有特别重要意义的全球综合问题的新研究。后一项横向计划将在ESSP科学家的支持下，通过WCRP、DIVERSITAS、国际地圈-生物圈计划(IGBP)和(全球环境变化的)国际人类因素计划(IHDP)进行合作。

ICSU will bring together international scientific communities to address pressing and intellectually challenging global topics, among which are the World Climate Research Program (WCRP); the biological diversity program, DIVERSITS; and the efforts of the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP) to develop new studies on comprehensive global issues of food, carbon, water and health are of particular importance. ICSU facilitates intellectual cross-fertilization across broad fields of environmental science and serves both a scientific and a societal imperative by supporting international advancement of knowledge and of understanding while improving future ability to respond to environmental challenges in realistic ways. ICSU activities in environment and global change will focus over the next year on natural and manmade hazards; global observing systems; new environment science-related initiatives; vulnerability and resilience to multiple climate/global change stresses; planning for science associated with the Fourth International Polar Year (IPY); and scenarios to assess the status of the environment at both global and regional scales. ICSU will support activities of the WCRP related to further development of the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX), Stratospheric Processes and their Role in Climate (SPARC); the Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) Study; the study of Climate and Cryosphere (CliC); and the Global Earth Observing System.ICSU will support implementation of the DIVERSITAS Science Plan that focuses on three core projects - BioDISCOVERY, dedicated to taxonomy, monitoring and drivers of biodiversity change; EcoSERVICES, dedicated to biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and services; BioSUSTAINABILITY, dedicated to science at the basis of conservation and sustainable development. Progress in these core projects will be presented to and reviewed in the first DIVERSITAS Open Science Conference in Oaxaca, Mexico, in November 2005. ICSU will also support efforts of the ESSP to develop new studies on comprehensive global issues of food, carbon, water and health that are of particular importance. The latter cross-cutting programs will bring together under the aegis of the ESSP scientists in many countries cooperating through the WCRP, DIVERSITAS, the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program (IGBP); and theInternational Human Dimensions (of Global Environmental Change) Program (IHDP).