Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: El Marquesillo Archaeological Survey

在罗伯特·H博士的监督下。Tykot，Travis Doering将收集和分析形成期的数据（c.公元前1250年至公元200年）墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯州埃尔马奎斯略的奥尔梅克湾遗址。通过考古调查，文物收集，绘图和地球物理勘探相结合，Doering将调查该网站的结构和组成。对El Marquesillo的调查提供了一个机会，可以检查一个在墨西哥湾沿岸形成时期的社会和经济景观中发挥作用的网站。本研究所产生的数据将用于评估奥尔梅克定居等级和政治经济的替代模型。记录和研究遗址的结构和组成将产生有关其政治组织的信息，收集和分析人工制品组合将产生有关当地经济模式和过程的数据。结合这些数据，我们将为奥尔梅克湾中心地区的核心和外围遗址之间的社会政治互动提供新的信息。对该遗址的陶瓷和雕塑证据的初步调查表明，该遗址的居民与其他奥尔梅克中心有联系。然而，这种互动的性质和时间仍然未知，这些关系的政治和经济后果也是如此。这些都是重要的变量，了解区域内协会和海湾奥尔梅克文明的长期轨迹，以及其对中美洲社会政治复杂性的出现和发展的影响，该研究将包括一个综合系列的调查，收集，勘探和绘图技术，将检测和记录景观签名，网站成分，和地下存款。将使用全站仪、磁力计和电磁传导率计绘制该地点的地图。人为土壤调查将用于检查地下沉积物的存在和性质，更大的目标是了解早期的活动地点，以便与后来的场地组织进行比较。动态河流切割的选定部分的剖面，暴露了网站的重要部分，将被用来连接这些组的观察在一起，形成一个历时的解决方案组织的图片。表面收集的陶瓷和石器组合的分析将允许评估的模式intrasite分布，并将允许推断有关的程度，该网站的居民参与区域内的交流网络。这些数据与摄影测量技术相结合，将产生一系列的GIS生成的图像的网站，将提供一个高分辨率的图片网站的职业history.Through这种多阶段的研究设计，使用非侵入性的技术，研究将评估对比的解释的政治和经济的作用，埃尔Marquesillo在墨西哥湾沿岸奥尔梅克的社会政治等级。由此产生的数据将有助于有限的证据，目前存在的外围网站在南部墨西哥湾沿岸的形成期，并形成一个基础上，未来的调查可以建立。这项工作的一个更广泛的影响将是加强共同调查员的科学和考古能力，并改善墨西哥和美国考古学家之间的启发性和实际关系。

Under the supervision of Dr. Robert H. Tykot, Travis Doering will collect and analyze data from the Formative period (c. 1250 B.C. to A.D. 200) Gulf Olmec site of El Marquesillo, Veracruz, Mexico. Through a combination of archaeological survey, artifact collection, mapping, and geophysical prospection, Doering will investigate the structure and composition of the site. The investigation of El Marquesillo presents an opportunity to examine a site whose role within the social and economic landscape of the Formative period Gulf Coast is uncertain. Data generated by this research will be used to evaluate alternative models of Olmec settlement hierarchy and political economy. Documenting and studying the site's structure and composition will yield information about its political organization, and collecting and analyzing artifact assemblages will produce data on local economic patterns and processes. Combined, these data will provide new information on the sociopolitical interactions among core and periphery sites within the region known as the Gulf Olmec Heartland.Preliminary investigation of ceramic and sculptural evidence at the site indicates that its inhabitants articulated with other Olmec centers. The nature and timing of such interactions remain unknown, however, as do the political and economic consequences of those relationships. These are significant variables for understanding intraregional associations and the long-term trajectory of Gulf Olmec civilization, as well as its impact on the emergence and development of sociopolitical complexity in Mesoamerica.The research will consist of an integrated series of survey, collection, prospecting, and mapping techniques that will detect and record landscape signatures, site constituents, and subsurface deposits. The site will be mapped using a total station, magnetometer, and electro-magnetic conductivity meter. Anthropic soil surveys will be used to examine the presence and nature of subsurface deposits, with the greater goal of understanding earlier activity loci for comparison with later site organization. Profiling of selected segments of the dynamic river cut, which has exposed significant portions of the site, will be used to link these sets of observations together to form a diachronic picture of settlement organization. Analysis of the surface collected ceramic and lithic artifact assemblages will permit an assessment of patterns of intrasite distribution and will allow inferences to be made concerning the degree to which the site's residents were involved in intraregional exchange networks. The combination of these data with photogrammetric techniques will result in a series of GIS-generated images of the site that will offer a high resolution picture of the site's occupational history.Through this multi-stage research design using non-invasive techniques, the research will evaluate contrasting explanations for the political and economic role that El Marquesillo played in the Gulf Coast Olmec sociopolitical hierarchy. The resulting data will contribute to the limited body of evidence that presently exists concerning peripheral sites during the Formative period on the southern Gulf Coast and form a base upon which future investigations can build. A broader impact of this work will be the enhancement of the co-investigator's scientific and archaeological capabilities and an improved heuristic and practical relationship between archaeologists of Mexico and the United States.