Ship Operations: R/V Knorr

项目摘要伍兹霍尔海洋研究所(WHOI)要求在2005年为R/V KNOR业务提供资金，以支持由国家科学基金会资助的科学研究。KNORR在2005年有206天的时间表，所有人都支持NSF资助的研究项目。这是一项为期五年的合作协议，协议中每一年的资金将通过谈判获得，并取决于支持NSF资助的研究的海上天数。智力价值本提案中要求的船舶支持是NSF研究项目的海上实地工作所必需的。这些项目都经过了严格的科学和智力价值评估。颁奖过程的高度竞争性确保了非常高的智力水平。计划于2005年在克诺尔实施的研究方案所获得的知识和所取得的发现将加强我们对海洋的了解，并解决广泛的重要科学问题。Knorr将为研究人员提供安全和高效地进行海上科学工作所需的设备和熟练的船上人员。KNORR支持的研究项目将对了解地球气候及其随时间的变化、对比大洋和大陆断裂系统之间的地震破裂过程、确定控制南大洋水团形成和赤道太平洋浮游植物生长的过程以及理解海底扩张中心洋壳的形成具有重要意义。这些智力努力将继续拓宽我们对海洋的理解，引发新的问题，并在未来几年证实科学理论，造福于整个社会。海洋考察在很多方面都是大学课堂的延伸。Knorr LEGS的工作人员通常包括高级和初级科学家、博士后研究人员、工程师、技术人员以及研究生和本科生。这些巡游是一次非同寻常的教育经历，让所有这些参与者接触到新的想法，通过观察和实践教授基本的科学原理，并不可避免地提出一些问题，激发对海洋如何运作的新思考。在过去的几年里，人们越来越认识到将这一科学带入课堂和向公众传播的集体责任，从而形成了分享这些科学发现的新途径。邮轮网站的概念已经非常有效地到达教室，通过实时图像、数据以及科学家和全国各地学校学生之间的双向交流。这有效地将出海体验从一条腿上的几个参与者扩展到全国各地数百甚至数千名学生，以及普通公众。有几个邮轮计划使用这一工具，通过在其本国机构或通过社区组织维护的网站(例如RIDGE2000)以网络为基础的办法提供数据。世界卫生组织网站(http://www.whoi.edu))率先努力向公众展示研究考察和海洋项目的成果(例如潜水和发现网站：http://science.whoi.edu/DiveDiscover)，)，他们正在继续开发利用世界卫生组织网站的新方法，向更多的受众传达海洋研究的兴奋和重要性。

Project Summary The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) requests funding for R/V Knorr operations in 2005 in support of scientific research funded by the National Science Foundation. The KNORR has a 206 day schedule in 2005, and all are in support of NSF funded research programs. This is a five year cooperative agreement, and funding for each year of the agreement will be negotiated and is dependent on the number of days at sea in support of NSF-funded research.Intellectual Merit The ship support requested in this proposal is required for the at-sea fieldwork for NSF research projects. These projects have been rigorously evaluated for scientific and intellectual merit. The highly competitive nature of the award granting process ensures a very high level of intellectual merit. The knowledge gained and the discoveries made by the research programs scheduled for Knorr in 2005 will enhance our understanding of the oceans and address a broad range of important scientific questions. The Knorr will provide researchers with the equipment, and skilled shipboard personnel, required to safely and productively pursue their scientific endeavors at sea. Broad Impact Statement The research programs supported by Knorr will be important in understanding the Earth's climate and how it changes over time, in ontrasting earthquake rupture processes between oceanic and continental fault systems, determining the processes that control water mass formation in the Southern Ocean and phytoplankton growth in the equatorial Pacific, and in understanding the formation of oceanic crust at sea floor spreading centers. These intellectual endeavors will continue to broaden our understanding of the oceans, spur new questions, and confirm scientific theory for years to come, benefiting society at large. An oceanographic expedition is in many respects an extension of the University classroom. Knorr legs are typically staffed by a diverse mix of senior and junior scientists, post-doctoral investigators, engineers, technicians and graduate and undergraduate students. These cruises are an extraordinary educational experience that expose all of these participants to new ideas, teach fundamental scientific principles through observation and practice, and inevitably raise questions that stimulate new thinking about how the oceans work. Over the past several years an increased awareness of collective responsibility to bring this science into the classroom and to the general public has resulted in the development of new avenues to share these scientific findings. The cruise web site concept has been very effective in reaching the classroom with real-time images, data and two-way communication between scientists and students in schools across the country. This effectively extends the sea-going experience from the handful of participants on a single leg to hundreds or even thousands of students in classrooms across the country, as well as to the general public. Several cruises are planning to use this tool to present their data through web-based approaches either at their home institution or through web sites maintained by community organizations (e.g. RIDGE2000). The WHOI web site (http://www.whoi.edu) has pioneered efforts to present the results of research expeditions and sea-going projects to the general public (e.g. the Dive and Discover web site: http://science.whoi.edu/DiveDiscover), and they are continuing to develop new ways of using the WHOI web site to convey the excitement and importance of sea-going research to a larger audience.