IGERT: Global Linkages of Biology, Environment, and Society (GLOBES)

这一综合性教育和研究培训(IGERT)奖支持在圣母大学设立一个新的跨学科研究生项目--生物、环境和社会全球联系(GLOBES)。该计划整合了生态学、进化与环境、传染病、社会科学、伦理学、法律和经济学等方面的互补系之间的研究、培训和教育活动。该计划的目标是培养新一代博士科学家，他们能够在人类文化、经济、政策和法律的框架内设计和实施合理的环境问题科学解决方案。影响环境和全球健康的人类做法和活动具有相互关联的原因和反馈。这些反馈既是生物的，也是社会的，加剧了环境退化和入侵物种和疾病的传播。因此，解决日益联系在一起的环境和健康问题需要具有生态学、进化论、传染病、人类学、伦理学、法律、政策和经济学专业知识的生物和社会科学家的协调互动。该IGERT的学术价值包括整合圣母大学生命和社会科学家的研究和教育活动，共同努力了解和找到解决五个具体问题的办法：(1)大湖入侵物种及其对生态系统的级联影响(2)人类土地利用变化与西非疟疾传播的相互作用；(3)巴厘岛的跨灵长类疾病交流，(4)由于水和土地利用模式的变化导致的中国血吸虫病的死灰复燃，以及(5)侵袭性橡树猝死在美国蔓延的影响。如果没有跨学科的思考，相对简单和有效的减少环境破坏和疾病传播的措施可能得不到承认。大多数分析只关注问题的一个方面(例如，生态、文化或疾病)。这项IGERT将促进跨学科对话，并指导旨在制定科学上合理、文化上可接受和成本效益高的入侵物种和疾病的预防和控制对策的研究。IGERT将使用一套协调的方法，从基于团队的研究项目到外联服务活动，为学生提供他们需要的跨学科技能和知识，以解决我们国家和地球日益复杂的环境和全球健康问题。这项提议的更广泛影响包括为这些环境和健康问题找到解决方案。IGERT是一个NSF范围内的项目，旨在应对培养具有跨学科背景、所选学科的深厚知识以及满足未来职业需求所需的技术、专业和个人技能的美国博士科学家和工程师的挑战。该项目旨在通过建立创新的研究生教育和培训新模式，在超越传统学科界限的合作研究的肥沃环境中，催化研究生教育的文化变革。

This Integrative Graduate Education and Research Training (IGERT) award supports the establishment of a new interdisciplinary graduate program in Global Linkages of Biology, Environment and Society (GLOBES) at the University of Notre Dame. The program integrates research, training, and educational activities among complementary faculty in ecology, evolution and environment, infectious disease, and social science, ethics, law and economics. The goal of the program is to train a new generation of Ph.D. scientists capable of designing and implementing sound scientific solutions to environmental problems within the framework of human culture, economics, policy, and law. Human practices and activities affecting environmental and global health have interrelated causes and feedbacks. These feedbacks are both biological and social, and exacerbate environmental degradation and the spread of invasive species and disease. Consequently, solutions to increasingly linked environmental and health problems require the coordinated interaction of biological and social scientists with expertise in ecology, evolution, infectious disease, anthropology, ethics, law, policy, and economics. The intellectual merit of this IGERT consists of the integration of the research and education activities of life and social scientists at the University of Notre Dame in a concerted effort to understand and find solutions to five specific problems: (1) invasive species in the Great Lake and their cascading effects on ecosystems (2) interactions of human land-use change and malaria transmission in West Africa; (3) cross-primate exchange of disease on the island of Bali, (4) resurgence of schistosomiasis in China driven by changes in water- and land-use patterns, and (5) impacts of invasive Sudden Oak Death as it spreads across the U.S. Without interdisciplinary thinking, relatively simple and effective measures to reduce environmental damage and disease transmission can go unrecognized. Most analyses suffer from concentrating on only one aspect of the question (e.g., ecology, culture, or disease). This IGERT will foster cross-disciplinary conversation and guide research directed at developing prevention and control responses to invasive species and disease that are scientifically sound, culturally acceptable, and cost-effective. The IGERT will use a coordinated set of approaches ranging from team-based research projects to outreach service activities to provide students with the interdisciplinary skills and knowledge they need to tackle the increasingly complex environmental and global health problems of our nation and the planet. The broader impacts of this proposal include finding solutions to these environmental and health problems. IGERT is an NSF-wide program intended to meet the challenges of educating U.S. Ph.D. scientists and engineers with the interdisciplinary background, deep knowledge in a chosen discipline, and the technical, professional, and personal skills needed for the career demands of the future. The program is intended to catalyze a cultural change in graduate education by establishing innovative new models for graduate education and training in a fertile environment for collaborative research that transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries.