Constitutional Compliant Electronic Voting

自1999年以来，德国开始使用电子投票机进行议会选举。特别是对于复杂的选举，投票和计票过程中的电子支持是必不可少的，因为人工计票容易出错、耗费大量时间和费用。2009年3月3日，联邦宪法法院宣布使用过的电子投票机和相应的联邦投票机条例违宪，因为它们不符合选举法的原则。然而，法院也强调，原则上这不是电子投票的情况。因此，本项目的目的是研究如何实施宪法电子投票系统，特别是宪法核查方法。为此，定义了全面的法律和技术要求，并提出了制定新的联邦投票机条例的建议。在此基础上，实现了支持投票、计票和选民身份验证的立宪投票系统，并提出了相应的评估和认证概念。在法律研究人员和计算机科学家之间的成功合作中，在项目的第一阶段，根据判决得出了电子投票系统的要求，并分析了具有明文收据和加密收据的适当电子投票系统。在最初的供资期间，将最后确定使用纯文本收据的电子投票系统。在项目第二阶段，将实现项目总体目标。将在法律和技术分析的基础上制定一项修改后的联邦投票机条例。此外，将最后确定使用加密收据的电子投票系统，为选举安排和投票程序开发相应的前端，这也将包括在评价和认证概念中。随后，本项目开发的电子投票系统将进一步详细说明，选民可以在任何投票站投票。最后，将实施所开发的投票系统的原型，并将分析其对评估概念的遵从性。

Since 1999, in Germany electronic voting machines are used for parliamentary elections. In particular for complex elections, an electronic support during the vote casting and tallying process is essential since manual counting is fault prone, time intensive and expensive. On March 3rd, 2009, the Federal Constitutional Court declared the used electronic voting machines and the corresponding Federal Voting Machine Ordinance as unconstitutional since they did not meet the principles of the electoral law. However, the court also emphasized that this is not in principle the case for electronic voting. Thus, the aim of this project is to examine how constitutional electronic voting systems and especially constitutional verification methods can be implemented. For this purpose, comprehensive legal and technical requirements are defined and suggestions for a new Federal Voting Machine Ordinance are made. Further, a constitutional voting system is realized which supports vote casting, vote counting and voter authentication and a corresponding concept for evaluation and certification is developed. In successful cooperation between legal researchers and computer scientists, during the first phase of the project requirements for electronic voting systems were/are derived from the verdict and appropriate electronic voting systems with plain text receipts and encrypted receipts were/are analyzed. In the initial funding period, an electronic voting system using plain text receipts will be finalized. In the second phase of the project, the overall project objectives will be achieved. A modified Federal Voting Machine Ordinance will be derived which bases on the legal and technical analysis. Further, an electronic voting system using encrypted receipts will be finalized by developing a corresponding frontend for the election setup and vote casting process which will also be included in the evaluation and certification concept. Subsequently, the electronic voting system develop in this project will be further elaborated in such a way that the voter can cast his or her vote in any polling station. Finally, prototypes of the developed voting systems will be implemented and the compliance with the evaluation concept will be analyzed.