NIRT: Metal Ion Complexation by Dendritic Nanoscale Ligands: Fundamental Investigations and Applications to Water Purification

摘要提案题目：NIRT：树枝状纳米配体的金属离子络合：水净化的基础研究和应用。提案号：cts - 0506551首席研究员：Mamadou DialloInstitution: Howard university。该提案收到于纳米尺度科学与工程计划，NSF 04-043， NIRT类别。纳米级配体如树状大分子结合金属离子的基本机制将通过以下技术的组合来阐明：树状大分子合成和表征、质子和金属离子结合的实验尺度测量、光谱测量和分析以及多尺度建模。除了通过纳米配体推进金属离子螯合的基础科学之外，这项研究还可以为科学家和工程师提供见解和指导，这些科学家和工程师对利用树状大分子作为工业分离的高容量螯合剂和合成具有电子、磁性、光学和催化活性的含金属纳米结构的模板感兴趣。两个水净化平台将在这个项目中强调：树状聚合物增强过滤系统和基于树状聚合物的处理单元。树突状增强超滤（DEUF）工艺将水溶性功能化树突状聚合物与成熟的超滤水净化技术相结合。该项目的一个关键目标是优化DEUF从水处理和海水淡化厂的膜浓缩物中回收金属离子，从而为美国的水务公司提供更有效和更具成本效益的方法来处理盐水处理问题。该项目的另一个目标是探索铁树状聚合物配合物作为新一代膜基水净化反应器的功能材料的使用。就更广泛的影响而言，该项目可以为水行业提供一种多功能技术，用于净化被氧化还原活性金属离子（如铬）污染的水。同样，开发树状聚合物基装置，选择性地从水中去除铜和铅，将为市政当局提供处理因输水管道溶解而产生的污染物的新方法。该项目还将为霍华德大学、加州大学伯克利分校和加州理工学院的博士后、研究生和本科生提供跨学科研究的培训机会。

AbstractProposal Title: NIRT: Metal Ion Complexation by Dendritic Nanoscale Ligands: Fundamental Investigations and Applications to Water PurificationProposal Number: CTS-0506951Principal Investigator: Mamadou DialloInstitution: Howard UniversityThis proposal was received in response to Nanoscale Science and Engineering initiative, NSF 04-043, category NIRT. The fundamental mechanisms by which nanoscale ligandssuch as dendrimers bind metal ions will be elucidated through a combination of techniques: dendrimer synthesis and characterization, bench scale measurements of proton and metal ion binding, spectroscopic measurements and analysis, and multiscale modeling. In addition to advancing the fundamental science of metal ion chelation by nanoscale ligands, this research could provide insight and guidance to scientists and engineers interested in the use of dendrimers as high capacity chelating agents for industrial separations and templates for the synthesis of metal-bearing nanostructures with electronic, magnetic, optical, and catalytic activity. Two water purification platforms will be emphasized in this project: dendrimer-enhanced filtration systems and dendrimer-based treatment units. The dendrimer enhanced ultrafiltration (DEUF) process combines water-soluble functionalized dendritic polymers with the well-established water purification technology of ultrafiltration. A key objective of this project is to optimize DEUF for the recovery of metal ions from the membrane concentrates of water treatment and desalination plants, thus providing water utilities in the US with more efficient and cost-effective means of treating the problem of brine disposal. Another goal of this project is to explore the use of iron-dendrimer complexes as functional materials for a new generation of membrane-based reactors for water purification. In terms of the broader impacts, this project could provide the water industry with a versatile technology for purifying water contaminated by redox active metal ions such chromium. Similarly, the development of dendrimer-based units that selectively remove copper and lead from water would provide municipalities with novel means of treating contaminants resulting from the dissolution of water delivery pipes. This project will also provide training opportunities in interdisciplinary research for postdoctoral, graduate and undergraduate students at Howard University, the University of California at Berkeley, and the California Institute of Technology.