NSWP: Policy Research on Integrating Space Weather Observations and Forecasts into Airline Operations

将空间气象信息应用于国际航空业越来越受到航空业的关注。众所周知，空间天气会导致通信退化，对乘客和机组人员造成辐射影响，影响导航系统，并对航空电子设备造成单粒子效应。虽然航空公司正在慢慢地了解太阳风暴对运营和商业的影响，但仍然缺乏对风险和采取什么行动的透彻了解。在应对空间气象对航空业的影响方面，必须作出权衡：利用信息和预报以实现更高效和更安全的作业；改变监管框架；了解缓解战略和接受不同程度的风险。该项目将进行政策研究，提出建议，通过更有效地利用空间天气预报和信息来提高国家航空公司运营的安全性、可靠性和效率。它将为政府和行业领导人提供更多的工具和信息，以便就空间气象研究和服务的投资作出有效决策，并将增进我们对将空间气象信息纳入航空公司业务所涉及的政策问题的理解。研究的第一部分将致力于对这些问题进行背景研究，并与相关航空业领导人、航空公司代表、空间气象科学家和信息提供者以及政策制定者进行讨论。研究报告的第二部分将涉及编写一份政策文件，其中将提供为解决航空界面临的政策问题而可能采取的备选方案。

Applying space weather information to the international aviation industry is of growing concern to the airline industry. It is known that space weather can cause degraded communications, radiation effects on passengers and crew, impact navigation systems, and cause single event effects on avionics. While the airlines are slowly understanding the operational and commercial impacts from solar storms, a thorough understanding of the risks and what actions to take is still lacking. In coping with space weather impacts on the aviation industry, there are tradeoffs that have to be made: use of information and forecasts to enable more efficient and safer operations; changes in the regulatory framework; and understanding mitigation strategies and the acceptance of different levels of risk. This project will conduct policy research leading to recommendations that will increase the safety, reliability, and efficiency of the nation's airline operations through more effective use of space weather forecasts and information. It will provide government and industry leaders with additional tools and information to make effective decisions with respect to investments in space weather research and services, and will advance our understanding of the policy issues involved in integrating space weather information into airline operations. The first part of the study will be devoted to background research of the issues and discussion with relevant aviation industry leaders, airline representatives, space weather scientists and information providers, and policymakers. The second part of the study will involve developing a policy paper that will provide the options that may be pursued to resolve policy issues facing the aviation community.