Environmental Impacts of Military and Civilian Production and Consumption on Native American Homelands

SES-0518722格雷戈里·胡克查德·史密斯华盛顿州立大学随着美国建立并维持世界上最强大的军事力量，它获得了大片土地。研究表明，许多这些军事设施-特别是使用危险材料的设施-位于印度土地上或附近。PI假设美洲原住民比其他公民更容易受到军事活动有毒遗产的影响。此外，由于保留地及其附近的经济发展相对缓慢，预计美洲原住民接触商业活动产生的有毒废物的机会相对较少。调查人员将使用GIS（地理信息系统）软件生成地图，并对收集的详细地理数据进行多变量分析。本研究解决的核心研究问题是：（1）与美国所有地方相比，美洲原住民家园是否相对更有可能面临军事活动的环境影响？（2）与美国所有地方相比，美洲原住民的家园是否相对更有可能面临商业生产和消费的有毒废物？更广泛的影响：将汇编的数据库和将进行的分析可能对其他研究人员有用（例如，环境科学家以及其他社会科学家）、社区居民和政策制定者。也就是说，这项研究将确定社区范围内和每个地方周围一定半径范围内的危险场地总数（来自多个来源），而不是仅仅记录危险材料位于某个县。因此，这些数据和分析将有助于美洲土著社区和决策者评估和应对环境危害。

SES-0518722Gregory HooksChad SmithWashington State UniversityAs the United States built and sustained the world's strongest military, it acquired vast tracts of land. Research indicates that many of these military installations - especially those utilizing dangerous materials - were located on or near Indian lands. The PIs hypothesize that Native Americans face a disproportionate exposure to this toxic legacy of military activities than other citizens. Further, since economic development on and near reservations has been comparatively slow, it is anticipated that Native American face relatively less exposure to the toxic wastes generated by commercial activity. The investigators will use GIS (Geographic Information Systems) software to generate maps and perform multivariate analyses of the detailed geographic data thy will assemble. The core research questions addressed in this research are: (1) When compared to all places in the United States, are Native American homelands relatively more likely to face exposure to the environmental impacts of military activities?, and (2) When compared to all places in the United States, are Native American homelands relatively more likely to face exposure to the toxic waste of commercial production and consumption?Broader Impact: The database that will be compiled and the analyses that will be conducted is potentially useful to other researchers (e.g., environmental scientists as well as other social scientists), community residents and policy makers. That is, instead of merely documenting that hazardous materials are located in a given county, the study will identify the total number of hazardous sites (from multiple sources) within the confines of a community and within a given radius around each place. As such, these data and analyses will be useful to Native American communities and policy makers assessing and responding to environmental hazards.