An Automated Fiber High Resolution Spectrograph for a Small Telescope

建议：0519429首席研究员：凯瑟琳·皮拉科夫斯基标题：用于小型望远镜的自动化光纤高分辨率光谱仪摘要：印第安纳大学(IU)将建造一台自动化光纤高分辨率梯形光谱仪(FHiREbot光谱仪)，用于印第安纳大学的spectraBot1.3-m望远镜的无人值守模式。该光谱仪采用了76度梯形光栅和白色光瞳设计，达到了R=60,000的光谱分辨率，足以解析太阳型恒星的热线轮廓，同时完整的光谱覆盖范围为390-680 nm，通过Li I特征覆盖了Ca II K和H线670 nm。光谱仪的格式将是固定的，以便光谱将标准化和统一。所有获得的光谱最终将通过管道缩减进行处理，并在光谱库中提供给社区。智力价值：建造这台光谱仪的主要原因是需要对相对明亮的恒星进行大规模调查，以获得统计上有意义的或完整的恒星类型样本，并实现对恒星变异性和星震学的有效监测计划。提出的具体科学目标是对10,000颗从北半球可见的、拥有高质量(优于10%)视差和自行数据的伊巴谷恒星进行全面调查。这些数据将用于研究恒星的性质和演化，包括详细研究整个HR图中的恒星丰度，研究恒星角动量的演化，以及研究恒星演化过程中Li丰度的变化。更广泛的影响：FHiREbot光谱仪将在两个方面对更广泛的社区产生重大影响：教育和研究基础设施。伊利诺伊大学的研究生和本科天文学专业的学生将参与光谱仪的设计和调试；仪器经验是本科教育的重要组成部分。本科生将使用光谱仪的数据撰写高级荣誉论文，研究生将使用FHiREbot进行博士论文研究。更广泛地说，标准化频谱档案将作为我们核心本科课程的一部分，为小型本科生研究项目提供资源。该资料库的使用将不限于信息技术学院，为信息技术课程开发的关于基本频谱分析的课程单元将在其他地方供教育工作者在课堂上使用。这对天文学研究基础设施的影响可能很大。美国天文学家目前获得高色散光谱仪的机会有限，除了在最大的望远镜上，那里只有有限的时间可用。广谱调查最好在中口径望远镜上进行(小望远镜不能收集足够的光，大望远镜不能有效地获取大样本)。在伊利诺伊大学自动化的spectraBot望远镜上安装FHiREbot将为美国天文学家提供一个重要的仪器基础设施。FHiREbot的光谱数据库也将提供给社区用于科学调查。

Proposal: 0519429 Principal Investigator: Catherine Pilachowski Title: An Automated Fiber High Resolution Spectrograph for a Small Telescope ABSTRACT: An automated fiber high resolution echelle spectrograph (the FHiREbot spectrograph) will be built by Indiana University (IU) for use in unattended mode on IU's SpectraBot 1.3-m telescope. The spectrograph incorporates a 76 degree echelle grating with a white pupil design to achieve a spectral resolving power of R=60,000, sufficient to resolve thermal line profiles in solar-type stars, with simultaneous and complete spectral coverage from 390-680 nm, covering the Ca II K and H lines through the Li I feature at 670 nm. The format of the spectrograph will be fixed so that the spectra will be standardized and uniform. All spectra obtained will ultimately be processed through pipeline reductions and made available to the community in a spectral library. Intellectual Merit: The primary reason to build this spectrograph is the need to conduct large surveys of relatively bright stars, both to obtain statistically significant or complete samples of stellar types and to enable efficient monitoring programs for stellar variability and asteroseismology. The specific scientific goal proposed is a complete survey of the 10,000 Hipparcos stars which are visible from the northern hemisphere and which have high-quality (better than 10%) parallax and proper motion data. These data will be used for studies of stellar properties and evolution, including detailed studies of stellar abundances throughout the HR diagram, studies of the evolution of angular momentum in stars, and studies of the changes of the Li abundance in stars with stellar evolution. Broader Impacts: The FHiREbot spectrograph will significantly impact the broader community on two fronts: education and research infrastructure. Graduate students and undergraduate astronomy majors at IU will participate in the design and commissioning of the spectrograph; experience with instrumentation is an important component in undergraduate education. Undergraduates will use data from the spectrograph for Senior Honors theses, and graduate students will use FHiREbot for Ph.D. thesis research. More broadly, the archive of standardized spectra will be a resource for small undergraduate research projects carried out as part of our core undergraduate courses. Access to the database will not be restricted to IU, and curricular units on basic spectrum analysis developed for IU courses will be available to educators elsewhere for classroom use. The impact on research infrastructure in astronomy is potentially large. US astronomers currently have limited access to high dispersion spectrographs, except on the largest telescopes where only limited time is available. Broad spectroscopic surveys are best carried out on moderate aperture telescopes (small telescopes do not collect enough light, and big telescopes cannot access large samples efficiently). The availability of FHiREbot on IU's automated SpectraBot telescope will provide an important piece of instrumentation infrastructure for US astronomers. The FHiREbot database of spectra will also be available to the community for use in scientific investigations.