SPP 1542: Future Concrete Structures Using Bionic, Mathematical and Engineering Formfinding Principles

在混凝土硬化之前，它从塑料到液体，在凝固过程中几乎可以保持任何形状。从而给出了使用钢筋混凝土进行施工时自由成形的可能性。然而，今天普通钢筋混凝土结构的设计语言非常简单，特别是出于成本原因。平面和矩形几何是规则。我们有两个主要目标：(1)目标是范式的美学变化，因为混凝土通常形式的扩展增加了混凝土建筑设计的可能性。建筑应该是功能性的，同时允许不同的用途。(2)轻量化建筑采用混凝土相应地“形式服从力”，减少了构件的自重，节省了制造建筑材料的自然资源和能源，也减少了二氧化碳的排放。我们的目标是，相关的结构元素，如天花板、墙壁、柱子，根据“形式服从力”的原则得到它们的几何形状，作为给定的结果，也是组件中可影响的力流。我们希望为自由形式和轻量化设计的混凝土构件的设计、计算和施工找到建设性的理论基础。特别的重点将是特定组件的基础研究。应该探索整个可建筑结构——壳、板、柱。理想情况下，根据力场设计的部件重量最小。在仿生学的帮助下，大自然提供了有效的轴承结构的指示。另一个重点是自由成形混凝土结构的模板系统和建筑技术的发展。连接技术是对感兴趣的混凝土结构（部分）的解构和重用。此外，必须制定适当的计算方法，以确保结构的安全稳定。应用数学研究的主要目标-特别是微分几何-是使轻量化混凝土的设计语言可描述，并分析力分布，并以数学方式定义它们。

Before concrete is hardening it is plastic to liquid and can preserve almost any shape in the setting process. The possibility of free shaping when using reinforced concrete for construction is thus given. However, today the design language of ordinary reinforced concrete structures is very easy, especially for cost reasons. Plane surfaces and rectangular geometry are the rule. We have two main objectives: (1) The goal is an aesthetic change of paradigm, because the expansion of the spectrum of the usual forms of concrete increases the possibilities of design in building with concrete. The buildings should be functional, while allowing variable uses. (2) Lightweight building with concrete accordingly "form follows force" leads to a reduction in the dead weight of the components, saving of natural resources and energy in fabrication the building materials but also to a reduction in CO2 emissions. Our aim is that relevant structural elements such as ceilings, walls, columns get their geometry according to the principle "form follows force" as a result of the given, but also influenceable force flow in the component. We want to find the constructive and theoretical basics for design, calculation and construction of free-form and lightweight designed concrete components. Special focus will be the component-specific basic research. The whole buildable structures - shells, plates, columns - should be explored. The components, which are designed according to force fields are, ideally, minimum weight. Indications for effective bearing structures are offered by nature with the help of bionics. Another focus is the development of formwork systems and building technologies for free-formed concrete structures. Joining technologies are in terms of deconstruction and reuse of (parts) of concrete structures of interest. In addition, appropriate calculation methods must be developed to design stability endangered structures safely. The main objective of applied mathematical research - specifically of differential geometry - is to make the design language for the lightweight concrete describable and to analyse the force distributions and to define them mathematically.