SGER: Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radar (AMISR) Studies at High-Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP)

研究人员将对先进模块化非相干散射雷达（AMISR）进行地球物理测试，该雷达目前正在开发中，未来将部署在阿拉斯加和加拿大。2005年1月，一架8面板雷达生产原型交付给高频（HF）主动极光研究计划（HAARP）设施。这是实际雷达的一个小部件。HAARP设施将产生一个强大的地球物理目标（所谓的高频增强等离子体线），可用于测试雷达接收频率偏离传输频率（名义上为446 MHz）。有几个与高纬度电离层的无线电波修正有关的基本问题可以通过AMISR观测来回答。这些问题包括：1)为什么当HF波束与地磁力线平行时，会优先产生气辉？2)为什么在630.0 nm处hf诱导的气辉辐射有明显的超调？3)在HAARP垂直传输过程中，高频驻波型中是否可以检测到强湍流？4)当HF束流平行于地磁场方向时，电子温度的提高是否会因为离子朗道阻尼的减少而产生更强的等离子体谱线？前两个问题必须在2月/ 3月/ 4月的新月条件下回答，而后两个问题最好在夏季条件下回答。AMISR是一种最先进的系统，具有广泛的功能（例如，快速波束扫描，远程操作和可重构的天线架构）。这个测试项目将向学生和博士后介绍几种新的高频修正观测技术，并要求对高功率无线电波与电离层等离子体相互作用的人员进行指导和培训。要研究的波等离子体物理直接缩放到激光等离子体的尺寸范围。电离层修饰实验的最大优点是实验室无壁的空间环境，避免了粒子与实验室室壁相互作用产生的伪影。这种性质的活动扩大了个人的教育，重点是研究自然电离层和/或上层大气。此外，测试实验将为学习基础等离子体物理的学生提供跨学科的训练。该项目的结果将通过专业期刊、公开演讲和其他非审稿出版物的出版物进行传播。

The investigator will conduct geophysical tests of the Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radar (AMISR), which is currently under development for future deployment in Alaska and Canada. An 8-panel radar production prototype was delivered to the High-Frequency (HF) Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) facility in January 2005. This is a small sub-unit of the actual radar. The HAARP facility will generate a strong geophysical target (the so-called HF enhanced plasma line) that can be used to test radar reception at frequency offsets from the transmission frequency (nominally 446 MHz). There are several fundamental questions related to radio wave modification of the high-latitude ionosphere that may be answered by the AMISR observations. These include: 1) why is airglow preferentially generated by the HF beam when it is directed parallel to geomagnetic field lines? 2) why are there pronounced overshoots in HF-induced airglow emissions at 630.0 nm? 3) can strong turbulence be detected within the HF standing wave pattern during vertical transmissions at HAARP? and 4) do the enhanced electron temperatures generated when the HF beam is directed parallel to the geomagnetic field give rise to stronger enhanced plasma lines because of reductions in ion Landau damping? The former two questions must be answered under new moon conditions in February/March/April, whereas the latter two questions are best answered under summertime conditions. AMISR is a state of- the-art system with wide-ranging capabilities (e.g., rapid beam scanning, remote operation, and a reconfigurable antenna architecture). This test program will introduce several new HF-modification observing techniques to students and postdoctoral fellows and entails instruction and training of personnel in the interaction of a high-power radio wave with the ionospheric plasma. The wave-plasma physics to be studied scales directly into the dimensional regime of laser plasmas. The great advantage of ionospheric modification experiments is the laboratory-without-walls environment of space, which avoids artifacts caused by particle interactions with laboratory chamber walls. Activities of this nature broaden the education of individuals focused on studies of the natural ionosphere and/or upper atmosphere. Moreover, the test experiments will provide cross-disciplinary training for students studying basic plasma physics. The results of this program will be disseminated through publications in professional journals, public presentations, and other non-refereed publications.