Search for gluonic Hadrons at BES III

夸克是物质的基本组成部分，在自然界中并不是以自由粒子的形式观察到的。它们被强相互作用束缚在强子(质子或介子等亚原子粒子)上。强相互作用理论(量子色动力学)通过胶子的自相互作用描述了夸克的这种限制，胶子是强相互作用的力载体。这导致了负责强子结合的非常复杂的过程，到目前为止，人们对此知之甚少，也不能充分量化。为了更深入地理解，精确的实验数据和不同的理论方法之间的比较是必要的。在量子色动力学中，预言了胶球和杂化的存在。对这些被称为胶子强子的天体的研究特别令人感兴趣，因为它们携带可见的胶子成分。人们认为，碳素衰变是胶子强子的丰富来源。在BES III实验中，碳原子态的产生速率很高。

Quarks, the fundamental building blocks of matter, are not observed as free particles in nature. They are rather bound to hadrons (subatomic particles like the proton or the pion) by the strong interaction. The theory of strong interaction (Quantum Chromo Dynamics) describes this confinement of quarks by the self-interaction of the gluons, the force carriers of the strong interaction. This leads to very complex processes responsible for hadron binding, which are up to now poorly understood and cannot be quantified sufficiently. For a deeper understanding the comparison between precise experimental data and the different theoretical approaches is necessary. In Quantum Chromo Dynamics the existence of glueballs and hybrids is predicted. The study of these objects, referred to as gluonic hadrons, is of particular interest, since they carry a visible gluonic component. It is believed that charmonium decays are a rich source for gluonic hadrons. Charmonium states are produced with high rates at the BES III experiment.