CEDAR: Statistical Inference of Solar Cycle Signatures and Long Term Trends in Mesospheric Temperature Observations

这是一项为期三年的数据分析工作，调查太阳周期和中间层温度的长期变化以及潮汐扰动。调查将利用迈克尔逊干涉仪（MI）过去12.5年在加拿大尤里卡（北纬80度，西经85.9度）、加拿大雷索卢特湾（北纬75度，西经95度）和南极洲南极（南经90度）以及自1986年以来在格陵兰Sondre Stromfjord（北纬67.0度，西经51度）采集的数据。在过去的十多年里，国际气象组织一直在每年六个月的极地冬夜期间对温度和气辉排放进行观测。这些连续的测量为研究日地扰动对北极和南极中间层热力学的影响提供了独特的资源。观测数据集跨越了一个完整的太阳周期，使其非常适合于将太阳变化与中间层和低热层（MLT）的温度和潮汐幅度相关联。行之有效的多元线性回归（MLR）技术将被用来阐明太阳活动周期和长期趋势的MI温度时间序列数据。更好地了解太阳辐射对中间层组成和温度的影响对于空间环境科学和气候研究至关重要。该项目的教育影响是巨大的。它将使研究生和本科生有机会参与现代研究和软件开发，获得团队合作和广泛的研究技能，并将激励他们继续研究生院并选择研究职业。该项目还将通过安柏瑞德大学（ERAU）的TeachSpace计划，在全国范围内建立PI和高中教师之间的合作。PI将与国家大气研究中心（NCAR）的研究人员合作，培训教师（通过TeachSpace计划）将先进的大气模型纳入学校的科学，技术，工程和数学（STEM）课程，并激发和激励有才华的学生学习空间科学，并在物理，科学，工程和数学方面保持活跃。

This is a three-year data analysis effort investigating solar cycle and long-term variations of mesospheric temperatures and tidal perturbations. The investigation will utilize data taken by Michelson Interferometers (MI) over the last 12.5 years at Eureka (80 degrees North, 85.9 degrees West), Canada; Resolute Bay (75 degrees North, 95 degrees West), Canada; and South Pole (90 degrees South), Antarctica; and since 1986 at Sondre Stromfjord (67.0 degrees North, 51 degrees West), Greenland. The MIs have been making observations of temperature and airglow emissions for over a decade during six months of polar winter night each year. These continuous measurements provide a unique resource to investigate the effects of solar-terrestrial disturbances on Arctic and Antarctic mesospheric thermodynamics. The observational dataset spans a complete solar cycle, making it well suited for correlating solar variability with temperatures and tidal amplitudes in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). Well-proven Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) techniques will be employed to elucidate solar cycle and long-term trend terms in the MI temperature time series data. An improved knowledge of the influence of solar radiation on mesospheric composition and temperature is critical for space environmental science and climate studies. The educational impacts of this project are substantial. It will give graduate and undergraduate students the opportunity to participate in modern research and software development, acquire teamwork and a broad range of research skills and will inspire them to continue with graduate school and choose research careers. The project also will establish collaboration between the PI and high school teachers, nationwide, via Embry-Riddle University's (ERAU) TeachSpace Program. The PI will partner with researchers at National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) to train teachers (through the TeachSpace program) to incorporate an advanced atmospheric model into the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) curricula of their schools, and to excite and motivate talented students to learn about space science and to remain active in physics, science, engineering and math.