Collaborative Research: Benthic Boundary Layer Geochemistry and Physics at the Kilo Nalu Observatory

P.I. Pawlak, Eugene （UH）提案号：0536616项目标题：基洛纳鲁天文台的底栖边界层地球化学和物理学项目摘要：PIs提议在夏威夷瓦胡岛南海岸建立一个综合系统。该站点包括：一个现有的观测系统，具有电力和高带宽通信；一个动态的、高度渗透的、生物地球化学活跃的海底；靠近深海，经常受到近海地球化学和由内部潮汐和中尺度涡流驱动的可变物理强迫的影响；广泛和可预测的表面波条件范围；以及预测重大表面波事件到来的能力，从而极大地帮助了实验计划、仪器部署和事件驱动采样的实施。拟议研究的目标是显著提高测量溶质进出渗透性沉积物的能力，检查海底对广泛的海洋物理强迫的响应，并确定对这些过程的远洋生态系统响应。PIs建议在10-40米深度建立一系列物理传感器，收集一系列海洋条件下的高分辨率时空物理数据；测量整个阵列中生物地球化学重要成分的孔隙水浓度；测量一系列条件下的孔隙水交换，包括沙质和硬底渗透性海底；将这些孔隙水-海水通量与涡旋相关和水柱剖面技术计算的通量进行比较；检查水柱对物理驱动的营养物沉积物通量的光学（生物）响应；并确定地表水中二氧化碳系统的动态。总之，这些任务将使他们能够解决底栖边界层系统对环境变化的物理和地球化学响应。

P.I. Pawlak, Eugene (UH) Proposal #: 0536616PROJECT TITLE: Benthic Boundary Layer Geochemistry and Physics at the Kilo Nalu ObservatoryProject SummaryThe PIs propose to establish an integrated system along the south coast of Oahu, Hawaii. This site includes: an existing observing system with power and high bandwidth communications; a dynamic, highly permeable and biogeochemically active seafloor; is in close proximity to the deep ocean, which provides regular exposure to offshore geochemistry and variable physical forcing driven by internal tides and mesoscale eddies; a wide and predictable range of surface wave conditions; and the ability to forecast the arrival of significant surface wave events, thus greatly aiding the planning of experiments, deployment of instruments and implementation of event-driven sampling. The goal of the proposed research is to significantly advance the ability to measure transport of solutes into and out of permeable sediments, examine the seafloor's response to a wide range of physical oceanographic forcing, and determine the pelagic ecosystem response to these processes. The PIs propose to establish an array of physical sensors over depths of 10-40 m, collect high resolution temporal and spatial physical data over a range of oceanographic conditions; measure porewater concentrations of biogeochemically important constituents across the array; measure porewater exchange under a range of conditions, at both sandy and hard-bottom permeable seafloors; compare these porewater-seawater fluxes with those calculated using eddy correlation and water column profiling techniques; examine the optical (biological) response in the water column to physically driven sediment fluxes of nutrients; and determine the dynamics of the CO2 system in the surface water. Together, these tasks will enable them to resolve the physical and geochemical responses of benthic boundary layer systems in response to environmental changes.