SGER: Rate-Based Sensor Development for Advancing Heat Transfer Measurements

建议编号：CTS-0601236主要研究员：Frankel，Jay隶属：田纳西大学诺克斯维尔分校建议标题：SGER：基于速率的传感器开发，用于推进热传递测量这一小笔探索性研究拨款的目的是开发、验证和演示一种准确的、通用的电压速率传感器接口，它准确地恢复瞬时加热/冷却速率dt/dt。在适当的校准后，该传感器接口将允许实时提取与许多感兴趣的物理量(例如，温度、热通量、浓度、应变、应力、压力、强度等)相关联的速率。在能源、航空航天、消防计量、安全和国防等领域的许多应用中，速率信息对于实现快速可靠的诊断、预测和控制至关重要。智力优势：差异化过程的频率响应将产生与信号频率成比例的输出。因此，在直接区分时，所有测量中普遍存在的噪声和误差将相对于信号而增加，并恶化信噪比，即使在艰苦的平滑/滤波之后也是如此。这是目前确定费率量的状态，是不能接受的。该项目将支持一个多学科团队，他们将利用实验和理论热传递技术、实验和理论设计电路分析以及数学分析和计算，目的是基于表面或嵌入式温度传感器获得表面热通量的准确估计。速率信息通常具有低频谱，特别是当传感器连接在嵌入的固体介质中时。该项目的具体目标是：(1)从理论上确定温度和热流率测量可以直接应用到传感器系统中，并确定通过接口模块将传感器输出的电压转换为电压速率的通用解决方案的可行性；(2)开发包括幅度调制在内的仪器策略(它将允许上转换信号频谱，从而使导数的S/N比保持可控)；以及RC电路/放大和滤波策略(将绕过与信号微分的频率响应相关的困难)；(3)开发一系列用于验证目的的传热学实验，并研究针对现实世界实践的实施问题。广泛的影响：拟议研究的成功将影响航空航天、能源、火灾、地球物理和地震科学、医疗保健、工程科学、国防和国家安全应用。此外，速率传感器在改进需要热控制的制造工艺方面将有许多实用价值。由于传感器输出通常采用电压信号，因此该接口模块可以与多个传感器一起使用来提取速率信息。该项目的多学科性质允许在校园现有的教育项目中增加新的和高度积极的内容。研究结果将被纳入本科课程材料，让学生接触跨学科的研究。作为促进研究生学习的手段，将要求对本科生进行高级培训，并提供REU补助金。许多结果都可以纳入机械和电气工程本科实验室。

ABSTRACTProposal Number: CTS-0601236Principal Investigator: Frankel, JayAffiliation: University of Tennessee-KnoxvilleProposal Title: SGER: Rate-Based Sensor Development for Advancing Heat Transfer MeasurementsThe objective of this Small Grant for Exploratory Research is to develop, validate, and demonstrate an accurate, universal voltage rate sensor interface that accurately recovers the instantaneous heating/cooling rate, dT/dt. Upon appropriate calibration, this sensor interface would allow real-time extraction of rates associated with many physical quantities of interest (e.g., temperature, heat flux, concentration, strain, stress, pressure, intensity, etc.). In many applications such as in the energy, aerospace, fire metrology, security and defense sectors, rate information is crucial for reaching fast and reliable diagnosis, prediction and control. Intellectual Merit: The frequency response of the differentiation process will produce an output in proportion to the signal frequency. Therefore, upon direct differentiation, noise and errors prevalent in all measurements will increase relative to the signal and deteriorate the signal/noise ratio, even after painstaking smoothing/ filtering. This is the current state of determining rate quantities, and it is not acceptable. This project will support a multi-disciplinary team that will utilize experimental and theoretical heat transfer techniques, experimental and theoretical design circuit analysis, and mathematical analysis and computation, with the goal of obtaining accurate estimates for surface heat fluxes based on surface or embedded temperature sensors. Rate information typically has low frequency spectrum, especially when the sensor is attached in an embedded solid medium. The specific goals of the project are: (1) Theoretically establish that temperature and heat flux rate measurements can be directly implemented into a sensor system, and identify the feasibility of a universal solution with an interface module to convert voltage output from sensors to voltage rate; (2) Develop instrumentation strategies including amplitude modulation (which will allow up-converting signal spectra such that S/N ratio of the derivatives will remain manageable); and RC circuitry / amplification and filtering strategies (that will circumvent the difficulties associated with the frequency response of signal differentiation); (3) Develop a series of heat transfer experiments for validation purposes and to study implementation issues addressing real-world practices.Broader Impacts: Success of the proposed research will impact aerospace, energy, fire, geophysical and seismic sciences, health care, engineering sciences, defense, and national security applications. Moreover, rate sensors would have numerous utilities in improving manufacturing processes that require thermal control. As voltage signals are commonly adopted for sensor outputs, this interface module can be used with a number of sensors to extract rate-information. The multidisciplinary nature of the project permits a novel and highly positive addition into the existing educational programs on campus. The research findings will be incorporated into undergraduate course materials to expose students to interdisciplinary research. As means for promoting graduate studies, advanced training of undergraduates will be requested with REU supplements. Many of the results can be incorporated into both the mechanical and electrical engineering undergraduate laboratories.