Study of events containing Z-Bosons for a better understanding of the CMS Detector and measurement of inclusive and differential cross-sections for the production of Z-Bosons in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV centre of mass energy at the Large Hadron C

粒子物理的标准模型是现代科学中最被理解的理论之一，它允许以最高的精度预测粒子物理的非常特征的特征。尽管它取得了成功，但它是一个有效的理论，留下了许多基本问题没有得到回答：最重要的悬而未决的问题之一是关于物质的基本成分的质量来源，以及粒子物理与宇宙和宇宙早期状态之间的联系。欧洲核子研究中心CERN的大型强子对撞机(LHC)就是为了解决这些问题而建造的。在那里，质子在7到14太电子伏特(TeV)之间的质量能量中心发生碰撞。这是迄今为止在实验室条件下研究基本粒子碰撞的最大质心能量。CMS是研究这些碰撞的探测器之一。包含Z玻色子的事件非常适合用大型强子对撞机的第一批数据进行测量。在两个介子的衰变通道中，它们在探测器的所有组件中都留下了清晰的信号，并且相对容易重建。因此，它们非常适合在数据采集开始期间更好地理解CMS探测器。测量包含性和差异性截面测量的所有必要成分都可以从数据本身获得，而不需要借助模拟。在介绍的研究项目的背景下，应调查包含Z玻色子的事件，探索第一个数据。这些研究将导致在大型强子对撞机上首次测量Z玻色子的产生，这是寻求更复杂测量的里程碑之一，如顶夸克的产生或寻找希格斯玻色子或SM以外的物理。

The standard model of particle physics is one of the best understood theories of modern science,which allows to predict very characteristic features of particle physics with highest precision. Despite of its successes it is an effective theory leaving many fundamental questions unanswered: One of themost important open questions is the one for the origin of mass of the fundamental constituents ofmatter, as well as the connection between particle physics and the cosmos and early states of theuniverse. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the European Nuclear Research Center CERN hasbeen built to address theses questions. There, protons are brought to collision at center of massenergies between 7 and 14 tera electron-volt (TeV). This is the largest center of mass energy everreached so far to study the collisions of elementary particles under laboratory conditions. CMS is oneof the detectors to investigate these collisions. Events containing Z bosons are very well suited formeasurements with first data at the LHC. In the decay channel in two muons they leave clearsignatures in all components of the detector and are relatively easy to reconstruct. They are thereforewell suited to arrive at a better understanding of the CMS detector during the startup of data taking. Allnecessary ingredients for a measurement of inclusive and differential cross section measurementsmay be obtained from the data itself without help of the simulation. In the context of the introducedresearch project events containing Z bosons shall be investigated exploring first data. These studiesshall lead to first measurements of the production of Z bosons at the LHC, which is one of themilestones on the quest for more complex measurements like the production of top quarks or thesearch for the Higgs boson or physics beyond the SM.