Does Switching to Nicotine-containing Electronic Cigarettes Reduce Health Risk Markers?

改用含尼古丁的电子烟会减少健康风险标志吗？

• 批准号: 10294089
• 负责人: JONATHAN FOULDS
• 金额: $ 9.27万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10294089
• 关键词: Academy; Adult; African American; Applications Grants; Area; Assessment tool; Behavior; Behavioral; Biostatistical Methods; Cancer Etiology; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Cigarette; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Data; Development; Disease; Economic Factors; Education; Electronic cigarette; Employment; Enrollment; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Future; Goals; Grant; Health; Health Insurance; Healthy People 2020; Housing; Income; Measures; Medicine; Mental Health; Methods; Minority Groups; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neighborhood Health Center; Neighborhoods; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Not Hispanic or Latino; Parents; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Patients; Population; Poverty; Prevalence; Protocols documentation; Publications; Questionnaires; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resources; Risk; Risk Marker; Security; Series; Smoker; Smoking; Standardization; Stress; Substance abuse problem; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Training; Transportation; Underrepresented Minority; Ursidae Family; Visit; Vulnerable Populations; Writing; adverse childhood events; behavioral economics; cigarette smoking; clinical trial enrollment; combustible cigarette; economic need; experience; health assessment; health care availability; health disparity; innovation; instrument; mortality; neighborhood safety; parent grant; participant retention; premature; response; responsible research conduct; screening; smoking prevalence; social; social factors; social health determinants; socioeconomic disadvantage; tool; transportation access; treatment services

Project Summary/Abstract for Diversity Supplement The candidate of this Research Supplement to Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research (Diversity Supplement) (Dr. Sophia Allen) will investigate the social and economic factors that may influence clinical trial enrollment and retention of participants in the parent grant (U01-DA045517) and determine if these same factors are associated with participants’ ability to switch from traditional cigarettes to a NIDA Standardized Research Electronic Cigarette (SREC). Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable disease and premature death in the U.S. yet vulnerable and minority populations (e.g., socioeconomic disadvantage, African Americans, etc.) bear a disproportionate burden of tobacco-caused disease. The disproportionate impact from smoking has been attributed to low utilization of cessation treatment services, less access to health care, and the underrepresentation of minority populations in clinical trials, all of which may be influenced by the Social Determinants of Health (SDoH). National initiatives such as Healthy People 2020 and the National Academy of Medicine reports have identified SDoH as a priority for better understanding health disparities. Thus, using tools to identify the environmental, behavioral, and social causes and consequences of nicotine addiction may help to reduce the adverse health effects of traditional cigarette smoking. To date, there is no data available on the SDoH, clinical trial enrollment, retention, and the ability to switch from traditional cigarettes to an electronic cigarette such as the NIDA Standardized Research Electronic Cigarette (SREC). We have developed an assessment tool adapted from the Protocol for Responding to and Assessing Patients’ Assets, Risks, and Experiences (PRAPARE) instrument and the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) questionnaire to gain a comprehensive understanding of participants’ social and economic needs. Standard core measures will be collected and responses from the adapted PRAPARE instrument will be analyzed by Dr. Allen to measure enrollment, retention and the ability of participants to switch from traditional cigarettes to a SREC. The proposed supplemental study will inform the parent study by providing a potential explanatory mechanism for participants’ ability to transition to an e-cigarette while also identifying health disparities among vulnerable and minority populations. The overarching goal of this Diversity Supplement is for Dr. Allen, to gain research experience as a postdoctoral trainee and transition to an independent investigator in substance abuse (nicotine) research with a focus on health disparities. The candidate’s proposed four areas of focus include: (1) clinical trials research training and experience; (2) biostatistical methods; (3) research publications and grant writing; and (4) responsible conduct of research. Together, this training and experience will allow Dr. Allen to develop K-series and subsequent R-series grant applications.

项目摘要/多样性摘要补充资料 这份促进健康相关研究多样性的研究副刊的候选人 (索菲亚·艾伦博士)将调查可能影响临床试验的社会和经济因素 家长助学金(U01-DA045517)中参与者的登记和保留，并确定这些是否相同 这些因素与参与者从传统香烟转向NIDA标准化香烟的能力有关 研究电子烟(SREC)。吸烟是可预防疾病的主要原因， 在美国，过早死亡仍然是弱势和少数群体(例如，社会经济上的劣势， 非裔美国人等)承担着不成比例的烟草引起的疾病的负担。不成比例的 吸烟的影响被归因于戒烟治疗服务的低利用率，更少的获得 医疗保健，以及少数群体在临床试验中代表性不足，所有这些都可能受到影响 健康的社会决定因素(SDoH)。国家倡议，如健康人2020和 美国国家医学科学院的报告将SDOH确定为更好地了解健康的优先事项 差距。因此，使用工具来确定环境、行为和社会原因和后果 尼古丁成瘾可能有助于减少传统吸烟对健康的不利影响。到目前为止，有 是否没有有关SDoH、临床试验登记、保留以及从传统 从香烟到电子烟，如NIDA标准化研究电子烟(SREC)。我们 开发了一种根据议定书改编的评估工具，用于响应和评估患者的 资产、风险和经历(PRAPARE)工具与不良童年经历(ACE) 问卷调查，以全面了解参与者的社会和经济需求。标准 将收集核心措施，并由Dr分析改装后的PRAPARE仪器的反应。 Allen将衡量参与者的登记、保留和从传统香烟转向 SREC。拟议的补充研究将通过提供潜在的解释性说明来通知家长研究 为参与者过渡到电子烟的能力提供机制，同时还确定 弱势群体和少数群体。这份多样性副刊的首要目标是让艾伦博士获得 作为博士后实习生的研究经历和实质上向独立研究员的过渡 滥用(尼古丁)研究，重点是健康差异。候选人提出的四个重点领域 包括：(1)临床试验、研究、培训和经验；(2)生物统计学方法；(3)研究出版物 以及(4)负责任的研究行为。总而言之，这种培训和经验将使Dr。 艾伦将开发K系列和随后的R系列赠款申请。