Does Switching to Nicotine-containing Electronic Cigarettes Reduce Health Risk Markers?

改用含尼古丁的电子烟会减少健康风险标志吗？

• 批准号: 10294089
• 负责人: JONATHAN FOULDS
• 金额: $ 9.27万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10294089
• 关键词: Academy; Adult; African American; Applications Grants; Area; Assessment tool; Behavior; Behavioral; Biostatistical Methods; Cancer Etiology; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Cigarette; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Data; Development; Disease; Economic Factors; Education; Electronic cigarette; Employment; Enrollment; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Future; Goals; Grant; Health; Health Insurance; Healthy People 2020; Housing; Income; Measures; Medicine; Mental Health; Methods; Minority Groups; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neighborhood Health Center; Neighborhoods; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Not Hispanic or Latino; Parents; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Patients; Population; Poverty; Prevalence; Protocols documentation; Publications; Questionnaires; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resources; Risk; Risk Marker; Security; Series; Smoker; Smoking; Standardization; Stress; Substance abuse problem; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Training; Transportation; Underrepresented Minority; Ursidae Family; Visit; Vulnerable Populations; Writing; adverse childhood events; behavioral economics; cigarette smoking; clinical trial enrollment; combustible cigarette; economic need; experience; health assessment; health care availability; health disparity; innovation; instrument; mortality; neighborhood safety; parent grant; participant retention; premature; response; responsible research conduct; screening; smoking prevalence; social; social factors; social health determinants; socioeconomic disadvantage; tool; transportation access; treatment services

Project Summary/Abstract for Diversity Supplement The candidate of this Research Supplement to Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research (Diversity Supplement) (Dr. Sophia Allen) will investigate the social and economic factors that may influence clinical trial enrollment and retention of participants in the parent grant (U01-DA045517) and determine if these same factors are associated with participants’ ability to switch from traditional cigarettes to a NIDA Standardized Research Electronic Cigarette (SREC). Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable disease and premature death in the U.S. yet vulnerable and minority populations (e.g., socioeconomic disadvantage, African Americans, etc.) bear a disproportionate burden of tobacco-caused disease. The disproportionate impact from smoking has been attributed to low utilization of cessation treatment services, less access to health care, and the underrepresentation of minority populations in clinical trials, all of which may be influenced by the Social Determinants of Health (SDoH). National initiatives such as Healthy People 2020 and the National Academy of Medicine reports have identified SDoH as a priority for better understanding health disparities. Thus, using tools to identify the environmental, behavioral, and social causes and consequences of nicotine addiction may help to reduce the adverse health effects of traditional cigarette smoking. To date, there is no data available on the SDoH, clinical trial enrollment, retention, and the ability to switch from traditional cigarettes to an electronic cigarette such as the NIDA Standardized Research Electronic Cigarette (SREC). We have developed an assessment tool adapted from the Protocol for Responding to and Assessing Patients’ Assets, Risks, and Experiences (PRAPARE) instrument and the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) questionnaire to gain a comprehensive understanding of participants’ social and economic needs. Standard core measures will be collected and responses from the adapted PRAPARE instrument will be analyzed by Dr. Allen to measure enrollment, retention and the ability of participants to switch from traditional cigarettes to a SREC. The proposed supplemental study will inform the parent study by providing a potential explanatory mechanism for participants’ ability to transition to an e-cigarette while also identifying health disparities among vulnerable and minority populations. The overarching goal of this Diversity Supplement is for Dr. Allen, to gain research experience as a postdoctoral trainee and transition to an independent investigator in substance abuse (nicotine) research with a focus on health disparities. The candidate’s proposed four areas of focus include: (1) clinical trials research training and experience; (2) biostatistical methods; (3) research publications and grant writing; and (4) responsible conduct of research. Together, this training and experience will allow Dr. Allen to develop K-series and subsequent R-series grant applications.

项目摘要/多样性补充摘要 本研究补充的候选人，以促进健康相关研究的多样性（多样性 补充）（Sophia艾伦博士）将调查可能影响临床试验的社会和经济因素 参与者的登记和保留在父母补助金（U 01-DA 045517），并确定这些相同的 这些因素与参与者从传统香烟转换到NIDA标准化香烟的能力有关。 电子烟（SREC）吸烟是可预防疾病的主要原因， 在美国过早死亡，但脆弱和少数群体（例如，社会经济劣势， 非洲裔美国人等）承受着烟草引起的疾病的不成比例的负担。不成比例 吸烟的影响归因于戒烟治疗服务的利用率低， 医疗保健，以及临床试验中少数群体的代表性不足，所有这些都可能受到影响 健康的社会决定因素（SDoH）2020年健康人计划和 美国国家医学院的报告已将SDoH确定为更好地了解健康的优先事项 差距。因此，使用工具来确定环境，行为和社会原因和后果， 尼古丁成瘾可能有助于减少传统吸烟对健康的不良影响。迄今为止 没有关于SDoH、临床试验入组、保留率以及从传统药物转换为药物的能力的数据。 电子烟的概念可以从传统的香烟转变为电子烟，例如NIDA标准化研究电子烟（SREC）。我们 我开发了一个评估工具，该工具改编自《应对和评估患者 资产、风险和经历（PRAPARE）工具和不良童年经历（ACE） 问卷，以全面了解参加者的社会和经济需要。标准 核心措施将被收集，并从适应PRAPARE仪器的反应将由博士进行分析。 艾伦来衡量登记，保留和参与者从传统香烟转换到一种香烟的能力。 SREC。拟定的补充研究将通过提供潜在的解释性信息告知母研究 参与者过渡到电子烟的能力的机制，同时也确定了健康差距， 弱势群体和少数群体。本多样性补充的首要目标是艾伦博士，以获得 作为博士后实习生的研究经验，并过渡到实质上的独立调查员 滥用（尼古丁）研究，重点是健康差异。候选人提出了四个重点领域 包括：（1）临床试验研究培训和经验;（2）生物统计方法;（3）研究出版物 （四）研究成果的撰写;（五）研究成果的撰写。总之，这种培训和经验将使博士。 艾伦开发K系列和随后的R系列赠款申请。