Turbulent Mixing, Internal Waves, and Intrusions: Temporal and Spatial Variability of Resource Supply and Metabolic Activity in Lakes

非技术摘要DEB 0640953：湍流混合、内波和入侵：湖泊资源供应和新陈代谢活动的时空变异性加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的Sally McIntyre，加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的Sally McIntyre湖泊的整体生物生产力依赖于营养物质和光线的供应。当风速增加的锋面系统通过一个地区和湖面时，调节供应速度的湍流会加剧。内波的幅度随着湖底的坡度特征而增加和变化，其破裂会引起湍流。此外，锋面系统带来的降水导致水流流入不同深度的湖泊。拟议的工作将建立在这一概念性知识的基础上，以设计和进行实验，以检测溶质通量和代谢活动增强的热点，并准确地量化细菌和浮游植物的生产力。将建立天气模式、水动力学和生物活动之间的联系，并将能够准确预测不同大小和不同地理区域的湖泊对气候变化的反应。湖泊的水动力学以多种方式影响生物和生物地球化学过程，但物理湖泊学领域在美国的代表性不足。拟议的工作将有助于受过物理湖沼学培训的学生和科学家的发展。结果还将以概念知识、计算机软件和模型的形式传播。新技术将包括实时传输和分析来自湖泊系泊仪器的数据。

Non-Technical AbstractDEB 0640953: Turbulent Mixing, Internal Waves, and Intrusions: Temporal and Spatial Variability of Resource Supply and Metabolic Activity in LakesSally McIntyre, University of California at Santa BarbaraA lake's overall biological productivity depends on the supply of nutrients and light. Turbulence, which mediates rates of supply, is intensified when frontal systems with increased winds pass through a region and over a lake surface. The amplitude of internal waves, whose breaking causes turbulence, increases and varies with the slope characteristics of the lake's bottom. In addition, frontal systems bring precipitation that induces stream inflows which spread into lakes at various depths. The proposed work will build upon this conceptual knowledge to design and conduct experiments in order to detect hot spots where solute fluxes and metabolic activity are intensified, and accurately quantify bacterial and phytoplankton productivity. Linkages between weather patterns, hydrodynamics, and biological activity will be established and will enable accurate predictions of the responses of lakes of various sizes and in different geographic areas to changes in climate.The hydrodynamics of lakes influence biological and biogeochemical processes in a multitude of ways, yet the field of physical limnology is under-represented in the United States. The proposed work will contribute to the development of students and scientists with training in physical limnology. The results will also be disseminated as conceptual knowledge, computer software, and models. New techniques will include the transmission and analysis of data from moored instrumentation in the lakes in real time.