Remote Sensing of Tornadoes and Storms with Mobile W-band Polarimetric and X-band Spaced-Antenna and Phased-Array Doppler Radar

在这项研究工作下，首席研究员将继续与俄克拉何马大学（OU）合作研究强风暴，通过使用马萨诸塞大学开发的两个现有的极化移动多普勒雷达系统，并通过开发、测试和评估x波段脉冲压缩多普勒雷达收发器，使其能够与马萨诸塞大学正在开发的相控阵技术兼容。该项目包括操作两个移动雷达系统（w波段偏振多普勒雷达和x波段双偏振多普勒雷达，具有空间天线能力）。此外，将开发和评估用于间隔天线和相控阵天线的相关信号处理算法。在先前的支持下，马萨诸塞大学开发了一种双极化间隔天线（DPSA），除了标准多普勒（径向）速度外，还可以估计横向（交叉波束）速度。目标是从一个公共点检索二维速度矢量。该天线于2005年春季首次部署，目前正在进行数据分析。根据该合同，PI将继续在风场检索技术方面的努力，并将其扩展到使用电子扫描天线对龙卷风和其他强风暴特征进行快速诊断。该研究将利用马萨诸塞大学现有的基础设施，并将该项目定位为利用美国国家科学基金会资助的协同自适应大气传感工程研究中心（CASA）未来技术发展的优势。具体的研究工作将集中在以下目标上：(1)继续分析2005年使用空间天线方法进行的横向风估计。(2)维护和运行马萨诸塞大学w波段和x波段移动多普勒雷达，用于大平原龙卷风和强风暴研究。(3)实现脉冲压缩收发器，提高空间分辨率，为现有天线提供频率和相位灵活性，并支持CASA正在开发的双极化相控阵天线。这项研究的智力价值在于开发和改进雷达遥感恶劣天气现象（如龙卷风）的技术，并开发出负担得起的技术。更广泛的影响是提高对强对流风暴及其形成的运动学和动力学的理解，最终提高对此类恶劣天气事件的预测。此外，该项目还包括马萨诸塞大学工程研究生的积极参与，直接与OU的气象学研究生合作。

Under this research effort, the Principal Investigator will continue a collaboration of research on severe storms with the University of Oklahoma (OU) through the use of two existing polarimetric mobile Doppler radar systems developed by UMass and through the development, test, and evaluation of an X-band pulse compression Doppler radar transceiver that will enable compatibility with phased-array technology already under development at UMass. The project includes operation of two mobile radar systems (a W-band polarimetric Doppler radar and an X-band dual-polarized Doppler radar with spaced-antenna capability). Additionally associated signal processing algorithms for use with spaced antennas and phased array antennas will be developed and evaluated Under prior support UMass has developed a dual-polarized spaced-antenna (DPSA) to estimate transverse (cross-beam) velocities in addition to the standard Doppler (radial) velocities. The objective is to retrieve 2-D velocity vectors from a common point. This antenna was fielded for the first time during Spring 2005 and data analysis is currently underway. Under this award, the PI will continue these efforts in wind field retrieval techniques and extend them towards rapid diagnosis of tornadoes and other severe storm features using electronically-scanned antennas. The research will make use of existing infrastructure at the University of Massachusetts and will position the program to take advantage of future technology developments occurring within the NSF-sponsored Engineering Research Center for Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA). Specific research efforts will focus on the following objectives: (1) Continue analysis of transverse wind estimates using spaced-antenna approaches performed in 2005. (2) Maintain and operate the UMass W-band and X-band mobile Doppler radars for tornado and severe storm research on the Great Plains. (3) Implement a pulse-compression transceiver to improve spatial resolution, to provide frequency and phase agility with existing antennas, and to support dual-polarized phased-array antennas under development by CASA. The intellectual merit of the research is to develop and improve techniques for radar remote sensing of severe weather phenomena such as tornadoes and to develop affordable technology to do so. The broader impacts are to improve understanding of the kinematics and dynamics of severe convective storms and their formation, ultimately leading to improved predictions of such severe weather events. In addition, the project includes strong involvement of engineering graduate students from UMass working directly with graduate students in meteorology from OU.